钙镁肥对石灰性土壤加工番茄产量和品质的影响  

Effects of Calcium and Magnesium Fertilizers on the Yield and Quality of Processing Tomato in Calcareous Soil

作　　者：蒲敏 冶军[1] 阮向阳 肖乐乐 刘若文 李然 PU Min;YE Jun;RUAN Xiangyang;XIAO Lele;LIU Ruowen;LI Ran(Agricultural College,Shihezi University,Shihezi,Xinjiang 832003)

机构地区：[1]石河子大学农学院,新疆石河子832003

出　　处：《北方园艺》2022年第5期8-14,共7页Northern Horticulture

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划资助项目(2012BAD42B02)。

摘　　要：以加工番茄为试材,采用基施枸溶性钙镁肥、水溶性钙镁肥300 kg·hm^(-2)和600 kg·hm^(-2)的方法,研究了2种钙镁肥对加工番茄产量和品质的影响,以期提高石灰性土壤加工番茄产量和品质。结果表明:施用2种类型钙镁肥显著提高加工番茄产量和品质,降低脐腐病发生率。在2种钙镁肥施用量一致条件下,300 kg·hm^(-2)水溶性钙镁肥比枸溶性钙镁肥增产5.55%,维生素C含量提高45.39%,果实钙含量提高118.18%,脐腐病发生率减少了46.65%;600 kg·hm^(-2)水溶性钙镁肥比枸溶性钙镁肥增产3.99%,维生素C含量提高31.21%,果实钙含量提高27.27%,脐腐病发生率减少41.39%。在钙镁肥类型相同条件下,300、600 kg·hm^(-2)施用量无显著差异。在该试验条件下推荐施用300 kg·hm^(-2)水溶性钙镁肥为最佳施肥方案,既节约施肥成本,又显著提高产量和品质,减少脐腐病的发生。Taking processing tomato as experimental material,the methods of basal application of citrate-soluble calcium and magnesium fertilizer,water-soluble calcium and magnesium fertilizer 300 kg·hm^(-2) and 600 kg·hm^(-2).The effects of two calcium and magnesium fertilizers on the yield and quality of processing tomato were studied,in order to improve the yield and quality of processing tomato in calcareous soil.The results showed that the application of two types of calcium and magnesium fertilizer significantly improved the yield and quality and reduced the incidence of umbilical rot.Under the same application amount of the two calcium and magnesium fertilizers,compared with magnesium fertilizer,300 kg·hm^(-2) water-soluble calcium increased the yield by 5.55%,vitamin C content by 45.39%,fruit calcium content by 118.18%,and the incidence of umbilical rot decreased by 46.65%;600 kg·hm^(-2) water-soluble calcium and magnesium fertilizer increased the yield by 3.99%,the content of vitamin C increased by 31.21%,the content of calcium in fruit increased by 27.27%,and the incidence of umbilical rot decreased by 41.39%.Under the same type of calcium and magnesium fertilizer,there was no significant difference in the application rates of 300 kg·hm^(-2) and 600 kg·hm^(-2).Under the experimental conditions,300 kg·hm^(-2) water-soluble calcium and magnesium fertilizer was recommended as the best fertilization scheme,which not only saved the fertilization cost,but also significantly improved the yield and quality and reduced the incidence of umbilical rot.

关 键 词：加工番茄 钙 镁 产量 品质 脐腐病 

分 类 号：S641.2[农业科学—蔬菜学]