从“进行”看动词名化的后果  

The consequences of verbs’nominalization from the perspective of jinxing

作　　者：熊仲儒 杨义良 XIONG Zhongru;YANG Yiliang

机构地区：[1]北京语言大学语言学系,100083 [2]安徽师范大学文学院,241003

出　　处：《语言教学与研究》2022年第2期53-64,共12页Language Teaching and Linguistic Studies

基　　金：国家社科基金项目“汉英名词与动词互转的生成语法研究”(21BYY047);北京语言大学院级科研项目“类型学与汉语信息结构研究”(中央高校基本科研业务专项资金,20YJ090002);国家社科基金重大项目“基于汉语特征的多元语法理论探索(多卷本)”(20&ZD297)的资助。

摘　　要：词项在词库中有词类、论元结构、范畴选择与语义选择等信息,这些信息在句法中会投射到句法结构中去,决定它的句法分布。“进行”在传统语法中被描述为形式动词或准谓宾动词,带名动词宾语等。在生成语法的词库中,“进行”是动词,有两个论元,范畴选择名词短语,语义选择施事与活动。语义选择要求它的宾语包含活动名词或动源名词,因为这两种名词会表示活动。宾语位置的动词名化后,其内部论元可以实现于宾语内部,也可以移到宾语外部,这是由汉语名词短语内部的语序所驱动的。在二语教学中如果不讲清楚名化,会出现相关的句法失误。In generative grammar,each lexical item is associated with a lexical entry that contains four kinds of syntactic information,such as the category,argument structure,c-selection and s-selection.The information will project into the syntactic structures and determine the lexical item’s distribution.In the traditional grammar,jinxing is described as a dummy verb,a verb with a pseudo-predicative object or taking a nouny verb as its object.In the generative grammar,jinxing is a verb,and has two arguments,c-selects a NP and s-selects an agent and an activity.The s-selection requires that its object must contain an event noun or a de-verbal noun with an activity meaning.The noun’s internal argument can be realized in the object or moved out of the object.The movement is triggered by the NP’s internal word order.If the nominalization is ignored in the second-language teaching,syntactic errors will occur among Chinese learners.

关 键 词：“进行” 形式动词 名动词 事件名词 转类 句法信息 

分 类 号：H146[语言文字—汉语]