基于行为改变理论的健康教育在支气管哮喘患者中的应用研究  

Application of health education based on behavior change wheel in patients with bronchial asthma

作　　者：杨怀洪 谭月[1] Yang Huaihong;Tan Yue(Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine,Taizhou People's Hospital,Taizhou 225300,China)

机构地区：[1]泰州市人民医院呼吸与危重症医学科,泰州225300

出　　处：《中华现代护理杂志》2022年第7期948-953,共6页Chinese Journal of Modern Nursing

摘　　要：目的探讨基于行为改变理论(BCW)的健康教育在支气管哮喘患者中的应用效果。方法采用便利抽样法,选取2019年3月—2020年7月泰州市人民医院收治的100例支气管哮喘患者为研究对象,采用随机数字表法将患者分为试验组和对照组,各50例。对照组给予常规健康教育,试验组在对照组的基础上给予基于BCW指导下的健康教育。干预6个月,比较两组患者哮喘疾病认知水平、吸入治疗依从行为、生活质量等指标。结果最终试验组完成47例,对照组完成44例。试验组患者疾病本质、诱发因素、用药知识、自我管理、哮喘知识总分高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);试验组患者吸入治疗依从性评分、吸入治疗依从率均高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);试验组患者活动受限、哮喘症状、心理状况、对自身健康的关心、生活质量总分高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论基于BCW的护理有助于提高支气管哮喘患者疾病认知水平,促进吸入治疗依从行为的养成,改善患者生活质量。Objective To explore the effect of health education based on behavior change wheel(BCW)in patients with bronchial asthma.Methods Using the convenient sampling method,a total of 100 patients with bronchial asthma who were admitted to Taizhou People's Hospital from March 2019 to July 2020 were selected as the research objects.The patients were divided into the experimental group and the control group by random number table method,with 50 cases in each group.The control group was given routine health education,and the experimental group was given health education based on BCW guidance on the basis of the control group.After 6 months of intervention,the cognitive level of asthma,inhalation therapy compliance behavior,quality of life and other indicators were compared between the two groups.Results Finally,47 cases in the experimental group and 44 cases in the control group were completed.The total score of disease essence,inducing factors,medication knowledge,self-management and asthma knowledge in the experimental group were higher than those in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The inhalation therapy compliance score and inhalation therapy compliance rate of the patients in the experimental group were higher than those in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The total scores of activity limitation,asthma symptoms,psychological status,concern for one's own health and quality of life in the experimental group were higher than those in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusions Nursing based on BCW can help improve the disease cognition level of patients with bronchial asthma,promote the development of inhalation therapy compliance behavior and improve quality of life of patients.

关 键 词：哮喘 支气管哮喘 吸入治疗 行为改变 健康教育 认知水平 依从行为 

分 类 号：R473.5[医药卫生—护理学]