高铁线路轨道高低不平顺激励下的钢轨挠曲特性研究  

Study on the Rail Deflection Characteristics Excited by the Track Profile Irregularity of High Speed Railway Lines

作　　者：牛留斌 刘金朝 肖炳环 徐晓迪 NIU Liubin;LIU Jinzhao;XIAO Binghuan;XU Xiaodi(Infrastructure Inspection Research Institute,China Academy of Railway Sciences Corporation Limited,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司基础设施检测研究所,北京100081

出　　处：《中国铁道科学》2022年第2期28-39,共12页China Railway Science

基　　金：中国国家铁路集团有限公司科技研究开发计划课题(2019JJ6702);中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司院基金课题(2019YJ153)。

摘　　要：基于我国高铁线路和典型服役车辆技术参数,建立车辆-轨道耦合动力学模型,仿真分析高铁线路轨道高低不平顺激励下的钢轨挠曲位移,通过对比模型仿真结果与钢轨挠曲解析解的方式验证耦合模型的准确性;在轨道子模型中输入我国高铁无砟轨道谱反演的轨道高低不平顺和余弦型轨道不平顺样本,研究轨道高低不平顺幅值和波长对钢轨挠曲位移影响规律;采用非线性最小二乘法和有理式方程,拟合速度350 km·h^(-1)条件下轨道高低不平顺幅值和波长的比值与钢轨挠曲位移最大值之间的函数关系。结果表明:钢轨挠曲位移主要由前4阶谐波成分组成,基频由轨道高低不平顺波长和车辆运行速度决定;轨道高低不平顺波长大于20 m时,幅值和波长的比值与钢轨挠曲位移最大值呈反比例关系,比例系数与车辆和轨道参数有关,本文模型中比例系数的计算结果为0.151。研究成果有利于从控制钢轨挠曲位移量的角度制定轨道高低不平顺养护维修措施,为轨道波长管理提供理论依据。Based on the technical parameters of China's high speed railway lines and typical service vehicles,a vehicletrack coupling dynamic model is established to simulate and analyze the rail deflection displacement characteristics excited by the track profile irregularity of high speed railway lines.The accuracy of the coupling model is verified by comparing the simulation results of the model with the analytical solutions of rail deflection.The track profile irregularity samples and the cosinetype track profile irregularity samples retrieved from the ballastless track spectrum of China's highspeed railway are input into the track sub model to study the influence law of the amplitude and wavelength of track irregularity on rail deflection displacement.The nonlinear least square method and rational equation are used to fit the functional relationship between the ratio of the amplitude to wavelength of the track profile irregularity and the maximum rail deflection displacement at the speed of 350 km·h^(-1).The results show that the rail deflection displacement is mainly composed of the first four order harmonic components,and the fundamental frequency is determined by the wavelength of the track profile irregularity and the vehicle running speed.When the wavelength of the track profile irregularity is greater than 20 m,the ratio of the amplitude to wavelength is inversely proportional to the maximum value of rail deflection displacement.The scale coefficient is related to the vehicle and track parameters.The calculation result of the scale coefficient in the proposed model is 0.151.The research results are helpful to formulate maintenance measures for track profile irregularity from the perspective of controlling the rail deflection displacement,and provide a theoretical basis for track wavelength management.

关 键 词：轨道管理 轮轨耦合动力学模型 钢轨挠曲 轨道静态高低不平顺 轮轨垂向力 

分 类 号：U213.4[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]