大学生抑郁情绪与人格的关系:应对方式的中介和调节效应  

Relationship between depressive emotion and personality of undergraduates:Analysis of coping style as a mediator or moderator

作　　者：郭刚军[1] 马慧[2] GUO Gangjun;MA Hui(School of Mechanical Engineering,YanShan University,Qinhuangdao 066004,China)

机构地区：[1]燕山大学机械工程学院,河北秦皇岛066004 [2]燕山大学心理健康教育服务中心

出　　处：《中国健康心理学杂志》2022年第3期426-431,共6页China Journal of Health Psychology

基　　金：河北省社会科学基金项目(编号:HB16JY081)。

摘　　要：目的:调查我国大学生的抑郁现状,分析其与人格特征的关系,探索应对方式在其中可能发挥的中介效应或调节效应。方法:应用抑郁自评量表(SDS)、卡特尔16种人格因素问卷(16PF)和简易应对方式问卷(SCSQ)对某高校960名大学生进行调查。结果:①被试大学生SDS平均分为42.47±9.85,抑郁检出率为15.83%;②被试大学生的抑郁状况与消极应对方式、人格特征的怀疑性L、忧虑性O和紧张性Q4均呈显著正相关(r=0.129,0.166,0.272,0.186;P<0.01),与积极应对方式、人格特征的稳定性C、恃强性E、有恒性G、敢为性H和自律性Q3均呈显著负相关(r=-0.255,-0.234,-0.077,-0.197,-0.150,-0.149;P<0.05);③积极/消极应对方式在人格特征的有恒性G/忧虑性O与抑郁状况间发挥不完全中介效应,且中介效应占总效应的比值为:积极应对22.2%、15.4%,消极应对5.0%、4.3%;④积极/消极应对方式在所有人格维度和抑郁状况间的调节作用均不显著。结论:大学生抑郁与应对方式和人格特征显著相关,积极和消极应对方式在有恒性、忧虑性人格特征与抑郁间发挥不完全中介效应。Objective:To investigate the depressive status of undergraduates,the relationship of depression with personality traits,and the possibility of coping style as a mediator or moderator.Methods:Self-rating depression scale(SDS),Cattell’s Sixteen Personality Factor Questionnaire(16 PF)and Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire(SCSQ)were used to investigate the depressive levels,personality traits and coping styles of 960 undergraduates.Results:①The mean score of SDS was 42.47±9.85,and the detection rate of depression was 15.83%.②The depression level showed significantly positive correlation with negative coping style,and personality traits of Vigilance(L),Apprehension(O)and Tension(Q4)(r=0.129,0.166,0.272,0.186;P<0.01),and also showed significantly negative correlation with positive coping style,personality traits of Emotional Stability(C),Dominance(E),Rule Consciousness(G),Social Boldness(H)and Perfectionism(Q3)(r=-0.255,-0.234,-0.077,-0.197,-0.150,-0.149;P<0.05).③Positive and negative coping styles partly mediated the relationship between Rule Consciousness(G)/Apprehension(O)and depression,and the proportions of mediating effects in total effects were 4.3%~22.2%.④The moderating role of positive or negative coping style was not significant between all the personality traits and depression.Conclusion:Depression among undergraduates is significantly related to their coping styles and personality traits,and coping styles partly mediates the relationship between personality traits of Consciousness/Apprehension and depression.

关 键 词：抑郁 人格 应对方式 中介效应 调节效应 大学生 

分 类 号：R395.9[哲学宗教—心理学]