水稻OsLPL2/PIR基因抗旱耐盐机制研究  

Mechanism of drought and salt tolerance of OsLPL2/PIR gene in rice

作　　者：周文期 强晓霞 王森 江静雯 卫万荣 ZHOU Wen-Qi;QIANG Xiao-Xia;WANG Sen;JIANG Jing-Wen;WEI Wan-Rong(Key Laboratory of Southwest China Wildlife Resources Conservation/College of Life Sciences,China West Normal University,Nanchong 637000,Sichuan,China;Crops Research Institute,Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Lanzhou 730070,Gansu,China;Lanzhou No.4 High School,Lanzhou 730050,China;Shannxi Province Animal Husbandry Industry Experimental Demonstration Center,Xianyang 713702,Shaanxi,China)

机构地区：[1]西南野生动植物资源保护重点实验室/西华师范大学生命科学学院,四川南充637000 [2]甘肃省农业科学院作物研究所,甘肃兰州730070 [3]甘肃省兰州市第四中学,甘肃兰州730050 [4]陕西省畜牧产业试验示范中心,陕西咸阳713702

出　　处：《作物学报》2022年第6期1401-1415,共15页Acta Agronomica Sinica

基　　金：2020年甘肃省科协青年科技人才托举工程项目;甘肃省农业科学院农业科技创新专项——博士基金项目(2020GAAS34)资助。

摘　　要：干旱威胁着全球农业生产,限制了农业可持续发展的前景。植物叶表皮在生长发育、抵御逆境胁迫、与外界环境进行水分和气体交换中,发挥了至关重要的作用。本研究中,利用水稻(Oryza sativa) less pronounced lobe epidermal cell 2-1 (lpl2-1)和less pronounced lobe epidermal cell 2-2 (lpl2-2)突变体为研究材料,与野生型中花11(Zhonghua 11,ZH11)经干旱胁迫和不同浓度盐处理,发现lpl2-1和lpl2-2对逆境胁迫响应更敏感,复水后统计成活率极显著降低,低于对照1/2。相比ZH11,lpl2-1和lpl2-2株高变矮,根长变短,相同叶序气孔密度、气孔开度均极显著增加,且表皮扁平细胞边缘锯齿状凸出变平滑,嵌套不紧密,导致lpl2-1和lpl2-2比ZH11水分散失更多;离体叶片失水实验也证明了lpl2-1和lpl2-2叶片在等时间内失水更快,失水率更高;且过表达Os LPL2转入lpl2-1中,OE-Os LPL2/lpl2-1转基因阳性植株恢复了lpl2-1平滑表皮及对干旱和盐胁迫的敏感表型。研究结果表明,Os LPL2基因不仅控制水稻表皮细胞形态建成,而且通过调控气孔密度、气孔开度、根生长发育等在响应植物逆境胁迫过程发挥关键作用。本研究为揭示水稻Os LPL2参与干旱胁迫的应答分子调控机制提供了一定的理论基础。Drought threatens global agricultural production and limits the prospects for sustainable agricultural development.Plant leaf epidermis plays a vital role in the process of growth, development, and resistance to adversity stress, and water and gas exchange with the external environment. In this study, compared with the wild-type Zhonghua 11(ZH11), we found that mutants less pronounced lobe epidermal cell 2-1(lpl2-1) and less pronounced lobe epidermal cell 2-2(lpl2-2) were more sensitive to drought and salt stress response, and the survival rate after rewatering was extremely significantly reduced, which was less than half of the control. Compared with ZH11, lpl2-1 and lpl2-2 had shorter plant height, shorter root length, significantly increased stomatal density and stomatal openings in the same phyllodes, and the serrated lobe of the epidermal cell margin becomes smoother, and the epidermal cell nesting was not tight, which might result in faster and more water loss of lpl2-1 and lpl2-2 than ZH11. The water loss experiment of separated leaves also proved that the water loss rate of lpl2-1 and lpl2-2 leaves was higher than that of the ZH11 in equal time. Overexpression of Os LPL2 was transferred into lpl2-1, and the OE-Os LPL2/lpl2-1 transgenic positive plants recovered the smooth epidermis of lpl2-1 and the sensitive phenotype to drought and salt stress. These results showed that Os LPL2 gene not only controlled the microfilament synthesis and morphogenesis of rice epidermal cells, but also played a key role in response to plant stress by regulating stomatal density, stomatal conductance, and root growth and development. This study provides a theoretical basis for revealing the molecular regulation mechanism of Os LPL2 in response to drought stress in rice.

关 键 词：水稻 抗旱 耐盐性 SCAR/WAVE复合体 植物表皮细胞 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]