HMX与低熔点含能材料混合物的热安定性研究  

Thermal Stability of Mixtures of HMX and Low Melting Point Energetic Materials

作　　者：黄可奇 韦争何 夏良洪 龙茂豪 王彦娜 李志敏[1] 张同来[1] HUANG Ke-qi;WEI Zheng-he;XIA Liang-hong;LONG Mao-hao;WANG Yan-na;LI Zhi-min;ZHANG Tong-lai(State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology,Beijing Institute of Technology,Haidian District,Beijing 100081,China;Guangxi Jin Jianhua Civil Blasting Equipment Co.,Ltd.,Baise 533000,China;School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Xingtai University,Xingtai 054001,China)

机构地区：[1]北京理工大学爆炸科学与技术国家重点实验室,北京100081 [2]广西金建华民用爆破器材有限公司,广西百色533000 [3]邢台学院化学化工学院,河北邢台054001

出　　处：《装备环境工程》2022年第3期17-25,共9页Equipment Environmental Engineering

摘　　要：目的研究环四亚甲基四硝胺(HMX)与2,4,6-三硝基甲苯(TNT)、2,4-二硝基苯甲醚(DNAN)、3,4-二硝基呋咱基氧化呋咱(DNTF)3种低熔点、高挥发性含能材料混合后的热安定性及相关性质。方法将HMX与3种低熔点含能材料按照质量比1∶1进行混合,采用动态测压热分析法(DPTA)、差示扫描量热法(DSC)研究混合炸药的相容性、热安定性等性能。结果DPTA研究表明,HMX与TNT/DNAN/DNTF均相容,结合净分解放气量、反应速率常数的热安定性顺序为HMX/DNTF>HMX/TNT>HMX/DNAN。HMX与TNT、DNAN具有一定的相互作用,使得HMX与TNT、DNAN组成的混合物的热安定性变低。用密封坩埚的DSC法研究表明,根据分解峰温,判断出单质的热安定性顺序为DNTF<TNT<DNAN,混合物的热安定性顺序为HMX/TNT<HMX/DNAN<HMX/DNTF,这与DPTA判定方法得出的结果一致。HMX与DNTF具有良好的相容性,但在高温高压环境下,HMX与TNT、DNAN变得不相容。结论HMX/DNTF的热安定性较好,在高温高压环境下具有较好的相容性。当熔铸基炸药主装药为HMX时,更适合用DNTF作为熔融物。HMX/TNT、HMX/DNAN在100℃时的热安定性和相容性均较好,在高温高压环境下的相容性差,热安定性也相应较差。In order to study the interaction between cyclotetramethyltetramethylnitramine(HMX) and 2,4, 6-trinitrotoluene(TNT), 2, 4-dinitroanisole(DNAN), 3, 4-dinitrofurazan oxyfurazan(DNTF) with low melting point and high volatile energetic materials. The compatibility and thermal stability of mixed explosive were studied by DPTA and DSC. The result is DPTA study showed that HMX was compatible with TNT/DNAN/DNTF, and the order of thermal stability was HMX/DNTF>HMX/TNT>HMX/DNAN, HMX interact with TNT and DNAN to a certain extent, which makes the mixture of HMX, TNT and DNAN become less stable. DSC method of sealed crucible showed that the order of thermal stability was DNTF<TNT<DNAN according to decomposition peak temperature. The order of thermal stability is HMX/TNT<HMX/DNAN<HMX/DNTF, which is consistent with the result of DPTA determination method.HMX has good compatibility with DNTF, but HMX becomes incompatible with TNT and DNAN under high temperature and pressure.In conclusion, HMX/DNTF has good thermal stability and good compatibility in high temperature and high pressure environment. When the main charge of fusion casting-based explosive is HMX, DNTF is more suitable to be used as melting material. HMX/TNT and HMX/DNAN have good thermal stability and compatibility at 100 ℃, but poor compatibility at high temperature and high pressure.

关 键 词：HMX 低熔点含能材料 热安定性 DPTA 相容性 热分析 

分 类 号：TJ450[兵器科学与技术—火炮、自动武器与弹药工程]