RDX粒度对某高能硝胺发射药燃烧性能的影响  

RDX Particle Size on Combustion Performance of a High-Energy Nitramine Propellant

作　　者：豆松松 曹永杰[1] 张明安[1] 聂奎 张薇薇[1] 章旺 DOU Song-song;CAO Yong-jie;ZAHNG Ming-an;NIE Kui;ZHANG Wei-wei;ZHANG Wang(Northwest Institute of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Xianyang 712099,China)

机构地区：[1]西北机电工程研究所,陕西咸阳712099

出　　处：《装备环境工程》2022年第3期52-57,共6页Equipment Environmental Engineering

摘　　要：为了研究黑索金(RDX)粒度对某高能硝胺发射药(NP)常、高、低温燃烧性能的影响,在NP发射药配方的基础上,加入超细RDX和普通RDX,其平均粒径(D;)分别为6μm和40μm,制备得到新型高能硝胺发射药NPH。通过密闭爆发器试验,对比分析NP和NPH发射药在常、高、低温条件下燃烧性能的变化规律。高能硝铵发射药中,RDX的质量分数为10%时,2种粒度的RDX都降低了NP发射药的初始燃气生成猛度,但超细RDX能够有效降低NP发射药的侵蚀燃烧效应。普通RDX降低了NP发射药稳定燃烧段的燃气生成猛度、燃烧渐增性,导致发射药燃烧性能变差。超细RDX降低了稳定燃烧段高温燃气生成猛度,提高了低温燃气生成猛度,这有利于减小发射装药温度系数。2种粒度的RDX均提高了NP发射药的结构稳定性,延缓了药粒分裂,NPH发射药的燃烧分裂点由NP发射药的0.77提高至0.83。温度变化对发射药燃烧分裂点的影响很小,可以忽略。To study the effect of RDX particle size on the normal, high and low temperature combustion performance of a high energy propellant(NP), a new high-energy nitramine propellant NPH was prepared by adding ultrafine RDX and ordinary RDX, with average particle size(D;) of 6 um and 40 um respectively on the basis of NP propellant formulation. The combustion properties of NP propellant and NPH propellant under normal, high and low temperature conditions were compared and analyzed through a closed bomb test. The results show that when the content of RDX in high-energy nitramine propellant is 10%, both particle size of RDX can reduce the initial gas generation intensity of NP propellant, but ultrafine RDX can effectively reduce the erosive combustion effect of NP propellant. Ordinary RDX reduces the intensity of gas generation and the gradual increase of combustion in the stable combustion section of NP propellant, which leads to the deterioration of propellant combustion performance. Ultrafine RDX reduces the intensity of high temperature gas generation in stable combustion section while increasing it at low temperature, which is beneficial to reduce the temperature coefficient of the propellant charge. Both particle sizes of RDX improve the structural stability of NP propellant and delays the splitting of propellant particles. The combustion split point of NPH propellant is higher than that of NP propellant from 0.77 to 0.83. The influence of temperature change on the combustion decomposition point of propellant is negligible. The research can provide a reference for the formulation design and optimization of high-energy nitramine propellant containing RDX.

关 键 词：超细RDX 高能发射药 火药燃气生成猛度 燃烧性能 

分 类 号：TJ450[兵器科学与技术—火炮、自动武器与弹药工程]