玄武岩纤维隔热复合材料导热系数调控  

Control of Thermal Conductivity of Basalt Fiber Thermal Insulation Composite Material

作　　者：代文惠 李昊瑜 彭星 黄安畏 李忠盛[2] 丛大龙[2] 易同斌[2] 吴永鹏 孙彩云 董玲抒 唐晶晶 高诗情 DAI Wen-hui;LI Hao-yu;PENG Xing;HUANG An-wei;LI Zhong-sheng;CONG Da-long;YI Tong-bin;WU Yong-peng;SUN Cai-yun;DONG Ling-shu;TANG Jing-jing;GAO Shi-qing(Shanxi Diesel Engine Industry Co.,Ltd.,Datong 037036,China;Southwest Technology and Engineering Research Institute,Chongqing 400039,China)

机构地区：[1]山西柴油机工业有限责任公司,山西大同037036 [2]西南技术工程研究所,重庆400039

出　　处：《装备环境工程》2022年第3期72-78,共7页Equipment Environmental Engineering

摘　　要：目的 明确玄武岩纤维隔热复合材料导热系数的影响因素和规律,并制备出超低导热系数的玄武岩纤维隔热复合材料。方法 以超细玄武岩纤维针刺毡为增强体,正硅酸乙酯(TEOS)为硅源,采用酸/碱两步法和超临界干燥制备玄武岩纤维隔热复合材料,研究玄武岩纤维质量配比、玄武岩纤维针刺毡针刺密度、玄武岩纤维隔热复合材料名义厚度对玄武岩纤维隔热复合材料体积密度和导热系数的影响。结果 直径5μm玄武岩纤维的质量分数越大,玄武岩纤维隔热复合材料的体积密度越小,导热系数越低。随着玄武纤维针刺毡针刺密度的增大,玄武岩纤维隔热复合材料的体积密度增大,导热系数先减小、后增大。随着玄武岩纤维隔热复合材料的名义厚度增大,其体积密度和导热系数增大,但增幅很小。结论 当直径5μm玄武岩纤维的质量分数为100%、玄武纤维针刺毡的针刺密度为160刺/cm^(2)、玄武岩纤维隔热复合材料名义厚度为2 mm时,玄武岩纤维隔热复合材料的体积密度最小,为98.1 kg/m^(3),其25℃当量导热系数最低,为0.0161 W/(m·K)。The purpose of this paper is to determine the influence factors and laws of thermal conductivity of basalt fiber thermal insulation composite, and to prepare basalt fiber thermal insulation composite with ultra-low thermal conductivity. Using the ultrafine basalt fiber needled felt as reinforcement and the ethyl orthosilicate(TEOS) as silicon source, the basalt fiber thermal insulation composite was prepared by acid/alkali two-step method and supercritical drying to study the effects of the mass ratio of basalt fiber, needling density of basalt fiber needled felt, and the nominal thickness of basalt fiber thermal insulation composite on the bulk density and thermal conductivity of basalt fiber thermal insulation composite. The results show that the bulk density and the thermal conductivity of basalt fiber thermal insulation composite(diameter: 5 μm) decrease with the increase of its mass fraction;the bulk density of basalt fiber thermal insulation composite increases with the increase of the needling density of the basalt fiber needled felt, but its thermal conductivity decreases and then increases;the bulk density and thermal conductivity of basalt fiber thermal insulation composite increase slightly with the increase of its nominal thickness.When the mass fraction of basalt fiber(diameter: 5 μm) is 100%, the needling density of basalt fiber needled felt is 160 needles/cm;, and the nominal thickness of basalt fiber thermal insulation composite is 2 mm, the bulk density of basalt fiber thermal insulation composite is the smallest, which is 98.1 kg/m^(2), and its equivalent thermal conductivity at 25 ℃ is the lowest, which is 0.0161 W/(m·K).

关 键 词：玄武岩纤维 复合材料 导热系数 体积密度 针刺密度 

分 类 号：TJ04[兵器科学与技术—兵器发射理论与技术]