全国7个区域商品有机肥质量现状分析及启示  

Analysis on the quality and enlightenment of commodity organic fertilizer in different regions of China

作　　者：王甲辰[1] 田有国[2] 李季[3] 谭启玲 史凯丽 唐莲 李秀萍 孙蓟锋[7] 张磊 马茂亭[1] WANG Jia-chen;TIAN You-guo;LI Ji;TAN Qi-ling;SHI Kai-li;TANG Lian;LI Xiu-ping;SUN Ji-feng;ZHANG Lei;MA Mao-ting(Institute of Plant Nutrition and Resources,Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Beijing 100097;National Agricultural Technology Extension Service Centre,Beijing 100125;College of Resources and Environment,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100091;Institute of Resources and Environment of Huazhong Agricultural University/Hubei Engineering Laboratory of New Fertilizer,Wuhan Hubei 430070;Chengdu Soil Fertilizer Test Center/Agricultural and Rural Ministry of Agricultural Products Quality and Safety Environmental Factor Risk Assessment Laboratory(Chengdu),Chengdu Sichuan 610041;Institute of Resources,Environment and Testing Technology,Academy of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Sciences of Inner Mongolia,Hohhot Inner Mongolia 010031;Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/National Chemical Fertilizer Quality Supervision and Inspection Center(Beijing),Beijing 100081;College of Resources and Environment,Hebei Agricultural University,Baoding Hebei 071001)

机构地区：[1]北京市农林科学院植物营养与资源研究所,北京100097 [2]全国农业技术推广服务中心,北京100125 [3]中国农业大学资源与环境学院,北京100091 [4]华中农业大学资源与环境学院/新型肥料湖北省工程实验室,湖北武汉430070 [5]成都土壤肥料测试中心/农业农村部农产品质量安全环境因子风险评估实验室(成都),四川成都610041 [6]内蒙古自治区农牧业科学院资源环境与检测技术研究所,内蒙古呼和浩特010031 [7]中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所/国家化肥质量监督检验中心(北京),北京100081 [8]河北农业大学资源与环境学院,河北保定071001

出　　处：《中国土壤与肥料》2022年第2期175-180,共6页Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China

基　　金：全国农业技术服务中心委托项目;北京市农林科学院所长基金(YZJ201901);北京市农林科学院院创新能力建设(KJCX 20200411);北京市农林科学院青年科研基金(QNJJ201809)。

摘　　要：旨在了解全国7个区域商品有机肥质量状况,为政府相关部门修订现行有机肥行业标准和加强质量监管提供科学依据。通过对全国7个区域(包括西南、西北、华中、华南、华东、华北和东北)236个有机肥生产企业开展随机调查和取样,分别对有机质、总养分、酸碱度及含水量技术指标进行了检测和统计分析。结果表明,整体有机肥质量技术指标合格率仅为20.34%,其中华南和华东区域所取得的20个样本均不合格。总体养分含量合格率为46.61%,其中西南地区合格率最高,为96.00%,华南地区合格率最低,仅为12.50%。总体有机质含量合格率为44.92%,其中华北地区合格率最高,为71.88%,华中地区合格率最低,为20.90%。总体酸碱度合格率为70.76%,其中东北地区合格率最高,为97.62%,华南地区最低,仅为12.50%。水分含量合格率整体为96.61%,其中华北地区整体合格,西南地区最低,为72.00%。对照NY 525-2012行业标准,上述结果表明,目前我国商品有机肥生产行业存在质量严重不合格问题。建议维持这部分标准不变,应加强生产企业质量管理。The purpose is to understand the quality of commodity organic fertilizer in different regions of China,and provide scientific basis for relevant government departments to revise the current organic fertilizer industry standards and strengthen quality supervision.Through the random investigation and sampling of 236 organic fertilizer production enterprises in seven regions of the country,including the Southwest,Northwest,Central,South,East,North and Northeast China,four main indicators including organic matter,nutrients,pH and water content were detected and statistically analyzed.The results showed that the qualified rate of organic fertilizer quality was only 20.34%.Among them,20 samples obtained in South China and East China were all not qualified.The qualified rate of overall nutrient content was 46.61%,and the highest qualified rate was in Southwest China with 96.00%,South China had the lowest pass rate,which was only 12.50%.The qualified rate of organic matter content was 44.92%,and North China had the highest qualified rate with 71.88%,the lowest pass rate was in Central China,which was 20.90%.The overall pH qualified rate was 70.76%,the Northeast China had the highest qualified rate with 97.62%,and the lowest rate was in South China,which was only 12.50%.The overall moisture content qualified rate was 96.61%,samples in North China were all qualified,and in the Southwest it was the lowest with 72.00%.Comparing with the NY 525-2012,these results above indicate that,at present,there are serious quality problems in the production of commodtiy organic fertilizer in China.It is recommended to maintain this part of the standard unchanged,and the quality management of production enterprises should be strengthened.

关 键 词：商品有机肥 有机质 总养分 酸碱度 含水量 标准 

分 类 号：S141[农业科学—肥料学]