丛枝菌根真菌在农业中的应用:研究进展与挑战  

Application of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in agriculture:Research progress and challenges

作　　者：郝志鹏[1] 谢伟[1] 陈保冬[1,2] HAO Zhipeng;XIE Wei;CHEN Baodong(State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology,Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100085,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院生态环境研究中心城市与区域生态国家重点实验室,北京100085 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《科技导报》2022年第3期87-98,共12页Science & Technology Review

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(42077039,41571250,U21A2024)。

摘　　要：丛枝菌根(arbuscular mycorrhiza,AM)真菌能够和大多数农作物形成互利共生体系,有效改善作物矿质营养,减轻环境胁迫对作物生长的不利影响,提高作物产量和品质。由于AM真菌的功能多面性,其在农业生产中具有潜在重要作用和广阔应用前景。结合AM真菌农业应用技术途径和适用情景,讨论了作物种植制度和管理措施对AM真菌功能的影响及可能的调控途径,分析了菌根技术发展趋势及面临的机遇和挑战,提出加强AM真菌功能多面性及其应用途径优化研究,将有助于促进AM真菌菌剂相关产业的发展以及AM真菌在农业生产中的广泛应用。Arbuscular mycorrhizal(AM)fungi are ubiquitous soil fungi in natural and agricultural ecosystems and can form symbiotic associations with most crops.AM symbiosis can assist plant uptake of mineral nutrients,enhance plant tolerance to various environmental stresses,and improve crop production and product quality.In this review,we overview the potential role and application of AM fungi in agricultural production,and summarize the influences of cropping system and field management on AM functions.Challenges and opportunities for future research to develop AM fungal technology are also briefly discussed.Comprehensive investigation on multifunction of AM fungi and optimization of their application scenarios will promote the development and wide practice of mycorrhizal technology,which will further support the development of sustainable agriculture and construction of ecological civilization in China.

关 键 词：丛枝菌根真菌 微生物肥料 抗逆性 土壤改良 田间管理 

分 类 号：S182[农业科学—农业基础科学]