某院连续10年医院感染和社区感染现患率调查  

Investigation on the prevalence of nosocomial infection and community infection in a hospital for 10 consecutive years

作　　者：袁欢欢[1] 高晖[1] 王苗苗 YUAN Huan-huan;GAO Hui;WANG Miao-miao(Jining No.1 People's Hospital,Jining Shandong 272000,China)

机构地区：[1]济宁市第一人民医院,山东济宁272000

出　　处：《中国消毒学杂志》2022年第3期218-221,共4页Chinese Journal of Disinfection

摘　　要：目的了解某三甲医院住院患者医院感染和社区感染的现状和趋势,为制订科学有效的医院感染防控措施提供依据。方法采用床旁调查和查阅病历调查相结合的方法,对2011—2020年某院某住院日0—24时所有住院患者进行医院感染横断面调查,并进行趋势分析。结果2011—2020年医院感染现患率为2.52%~5.46%,社区感染现患率为22.70%~27.24%;医院和社区感染部位均以下呼吸道为主;检出菌均以革兰阴性菌为主,医院感染前3位病原菌为铜绿假单胞菌、大肠埃希菌和鲍曼不动杆菌,社区感染以铜绿假单胞菌、大肠埃希菌和病毒为主;抗菌药物使用率从44.48%降至29.85%,治疗用药比例和单一用药比例有所提升,治疗性使用抗菌药物病原体送检率从48.80%提升至69.54%。结论该院医院感染防控与抗菌药物管理取得一定成效,应继续加强重点人群、重点部位及重要病原菌的感染防控。Objective To understand the current situation and trend of nosocomial infection and community infection in hospitalized patients in a Level-A tertiary hospital,and to provide basis for formulating scientific and effective nosocomial infection prevention and control measures.Methods The combination of bedside investigation and medical record investigation was adopted to conduct a cross-sectional study of nosocomial infection among all inpatients from 0 to 24 o’clock on an inpatient day in a hospital from 2011 to 2020,and the trend was analyzed.Results From 2011 to 2020,the prevalence rate of nosocomial infection was 2.52%~5.46%,and that of community infection was 22.70%~27.24%;the infection sites in nosocomial infection and community infection were mainly lower respiratory tract;the detected bacteria were mainly Gram-negative bacteria.The top three pathogens of nosocomial infection were Pseudomonas aeruginosa,Escherichia coli and Acinetobacter baumannii,and the pathogens of community infection were mainly Pseudomonas aeruginosa,Escherichia coli and virus.The use rate of antibiotics decreased from 44.48%to 29.85%,and the proportion of therapeutic drugs and single drug increased.The submission rate of pathogens for therapeutic use of antibiotics increased from 48.80%to 69.54%.Conclusion The nosocomial infection prevention and control and antibacterial drug management have achieved certain results,and the infection prevention and control of key populations,key locations and key pathogens should be continued to be strengthened.

关 键 词：医院感染 社区感染 现患率 趋势分析 

分 类 号：R195[医药卫生—卫生统计学]