酶联免疫法和金标法检测HIV抗体的价值对比  

Comparison of the value of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and gold standard method for detection of HIV antibodies

作　　者：郭志飞 GUO Zhi-fei(Health Service Center of Tiexi District,Shenyang 110000,China)

机构地区：[1]铁西区卫生健康服务中心,110000

出　　处：《中国实用医药》2022年第6期116-119,共4页China Practical Medicine

摘　　要：目的探讨酶联免疫法与金标法检测人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)抗体的价值。方法120例接受HIV抗体检测的患者,采集其血液样本,分别应用酶联免疫法与金标法进行检测。比较两种检测方法的检测结果。结果金标法血液样本阳性率高于酶联免疫法,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=4.855,P=0.028<0.05)。以免疫印迹检测结果为金标准,金标法检测HIV抗体的假阳性率为0.91%(1/110),酶联免疫法检测HIV抗体的漏诊率为70.00%(7/10)。结论HIV抗体检测过程中,酶联免疫法与金标法均具有一定效果,临床检测过程中,需要根据患者实际状况对检测方法进行选择,从而促进诊断准确率的提高,以便医生根据检测结果为患者提供针对性治疗方法,改善患者身体状况和生活质量。Objective To discuss the value of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and gold standard method for detection of human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)antibodies.Methods Blood samples were collected from 120 patients who were tested for HIV antibodies,and they were tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and gold standard method respectively.The detection results of the two detection methods were compared.Results The positive rate of blood samples by gold standard method was higher than that by ELISA,and the difference was statistically significant(χ^(2)=4.855,P=0.028<0.05).Taking the results of western blotting as the gold standard,the false positive rate of HIV antibody detection by gold standard method was 0.91%(1/110),and the missed diagnosis rate of HIV antibody detection by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was 70.00%(7/10).Conclusion Both enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and gold standard method have certain effects in HIV antibody detection.The testing method needs to be selected according to the actual condition of the patient,so as to promote the improvement of diagnostic accuracy,so that the doctor can provide the patient with a targeted treatment method based on the test result and improve the patient’s physical condition and quality of life.

关 键 词：人类免疫缺陷病毒抗体 金标法 酶联免疫法 

分 类 号：R446.6[医药卫生—诊断学]