四氮烯衍生物合成研究进展  

Research progress in synthesis of tetrazene derivatives

作　　者：汪琨凯 李祥志[1] 杨凯迪 罗义芬[1] 霍欢[1] 王伯周[1,2] 毕福强 WANG Kunkai;LI Xiangzhi;YANG Kaidi;LUO Yifen;HUO Huan;WANG Bozhou;BI Fuqiang(Xi’an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, Xi’an 710065, China;State Key Laboratory of Fluorine & Nitrogen Chemicals, Xi’an 710065, China)

机构地区：[1]西安近代化学研究所,西安710065 [2]氟氮化工资源高效开发与利用国家重点实验室,西安710065

出　　处：《兵器装备工程学报》2022年第3期1-10,共10页Journal of Ordnance Equipment Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(21805224)。

摘　　要：四氮烯作为一种高生成焓、分解产物清洁无污染的氮链结构单元,衍生物在航空航天、武器装备等领域具有广阔的应用前景。为了促进该领域的发展,综述了已知的2种四氮烯结构单元成键构筑策略:肼类氧化二聚法和叠氮负离子/锂盐法。肼类氧化法作为构筑四氮烯结构单元的主要方法,根据取代类型主要分为烷烃(包括链烷烃、环烷烃)和N-杂环取代两大类,并以此分类系统介绍了该领域合成研究进展及理化爆轰性能。截止目前,该领域合成方法均为传统化学氧化方法,有关光催化及电化学氧化的研究亟待加强。As a functional nitrogen chain group,tetrazene derivatives possess high enthalpy of formation and decomposition products environment friendly,which have a promising application in aerospace,munitions manufacturing,etc.In order to promote the development of this field,two bond formation strategies for tetrazene structural units,mainly including oxidative dimerization from hydrazines and azide anion/lithium method,were systematically summarized.The hydrazine oxidative dimerization is the dominating method for the construction of tetrazene units.According to the substituent types of tetrazene derivatives,the synthesis research progress was classified into two parts:alkyl(including chain-alkyl,cycloalkyl)and N-heterocyclic substituted tetrazenes.The physicochemical and detonation properties of tetrazene derivatives were emphasized.Up to now,the synthetic methods in this field are traditional chemical oxidation,and the research of photocatalytic and electrochemical oxidation needed to be strengthened urgently.

关 键 词：四氮烯结构单元 构筑方法 四氮烯衍生物 合成 应用 爆轰性能 

分 类 号：TJ55[兵器科学与技术—军事化学与烟火技术]