炮制对半夏化学成分及药理作用研究进展  

Research Progress on Chemical Constituents Variation in Processing of Banxia(Rhizoma Pinelliae)

作　　者：杨丽[1] 周易 王晓明[1] 李琳[1] 付志飞 张鹏[1] YANG Li;ZHOU Yi;WANG Xiaoming;LI Lin;FU Zhifei;ZHANG Peng(State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine,Tianjian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Tianjin 301617,China)

机构地区：[1]天津中医药大学,组分中药国家重点实验室,天津301617

出　　处：《辽宁中医药大学学报》2022年第2期49-53,共5页Journal of Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine

基　　金：国家科学基金青年科学基金(81904058);天津市自然科学基金(19JCYBJC28500)。

摘　　要：半夏为天南星科植物半夏[Pinellia ternata(Thunb).Breit.]的干燥块茎,为中医临床常用的化痰止咳平喘药物。因生品具有毒性,所以临床上多使用半夏的炮制品,最常用的3种半夏炮制品为清半夏、姜半夏、法半夏。清半夏长于燥湿化痰,多用于湿痰咳嗽、胃脘痞满等疾病;姜半夏长于温中化痰和止呕降逆,多用于寒饮呕吐、脾胃虚寒呕吐和温热型肝胆病;法半夏长于祛寒痰和调和脾胃,多用于痰多咳嗽、痰涎壅盛和治疗新型冠状病毒感染肺炎的方剂中。近年来研究表明半夏主要含有生物碱、有机酸、多糖、甾醇等化学成分,具有止咳平喘、抗炎、抗肿瘤、止呕等药理作用。不同半夏炮制品中化学成分的差别较大,化学成分的变化与其功效及毒性密切相关。文章查阅了近年来关于半夏炮制方法、化学成分和药理毒理作用的研究文献,综述了半夏炮制前后化学成分变化,为半夏的炮制机制研究及开发利用提供重要参考依据。Banxia(Rhizoma Pinelliae)is a dry tuber of Pinellia ternata,which used for resolving phlegm,relieving cough and asthma.Processed products of Banxia(Rhizoma Pinelliae)are often used in clinic for different treatment goal.There are three processed Banxia(Rhizoma Pinelliae),Qingbanxia(Pinelliae Rhizoma Praeparatum Cum Alumine),Jiangbanxia(Pinelliae Rhizoma Praeparatum Cum Zingibere Et Alumine)and Fabanxia(Pinelliae Rhizoma Praeparatum)commonly used for different treatment goal in clinic.The Qingbanxia(Pinelliae Rhizoma Praeparatum Cum Alumine)is good at eliminating dampness and resolving phlegm.It is mainly used for wet phlegm cough,epigastric fullness and other diseases;Jiangbanxia(Pinelliae Rhizoma Praeparatum Cum Zingibere Et Alumine)is good at resolving phlegm,stopping vomiting and reducing adverse reactions.It is mostly used for vomiting due to cold drink,vomiting due to deficiency of spleen and stomach and hepatobiliary disease of warm heat type;Fabanxia(Pinelliae Rhizoma Praeparatum)is more effective in dispelling cold phlegm and harmonizing the spleen and stomach,it is mostly used for cough with phlegm,saliva and for the treatment of corona virus disease 2019.In recent years,studies have shown that Banxia(Rhizoma Pinelliae)mainly contains alkaloids,organic acids,polysaccharides,sterols and other chemical components,which have antitussive,antiasthmatic,anti-inflammatory,anti-tumor,antiemetic and other pharmacological effects.The toxicity and efficacy of processed Banxia(Rhizoma Pinelliae)are different as well as the chemical constituents variation.This paper summarized the changes of chemical constituents in Banxia(Rhizoma Pinelliae)and the processed products by reviewing the recent research including the processing methods,chemical constituents,pharmacological and toxicological effects,which provided important supporting for the research of processing mechanism of Banxia(Rhizoma Pinelliae).

关 键 词：半夏 炮制 药理作用 化学成分 毒性 

分 类 号：R284[医药卫生—中药学]