太阳能海洋热能转换系统中平板集热器构形设计  

Constructal design for flat plate collector in a solar ocean thermal energy conversion system

作　　者：石俊朝 冯辉君 陈林根 戈延林 SHI JunChao;FENG HuiJun;CHEN LinGen;GE YanLin(Institute of Thermal Science and Power Engineering,Wuhan Institute of Technology,Wuhan 430205,China;Hubei Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Green Chemical Equipment,Wuhan 430205,China;College of Power Engineering,Naval University of Engineering,Wuhan 430033,China;School of Mechanical&Electrical Engineering,Wuhan Institute of Technology,Wuhan 430205,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉工程大学热科学与动力工程研究所,武汉430205 [2]湖北省绿色化工装备工程技术研究中心,武汉430205 [3]海军工程大学动力工程学院,武汉430033 [4]武汉工程大学机电工程学院,武汉430205

出　　处：《中国科学：技术科学》2022年第3期403-414,共12页Scientia Sinica(Technologica)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(批准号:51779262)资助项目。

摘　　要：集热器是太阳能海洋热能转换系统进行热量收集的重要设备.本文以平板太阳能集热器为研究对象,建立考虑海水出口温度和总泵功率的线性加权复合函数,在吸热板总体积和换热管体积一定的条件下以复合函数最小为目标对其进行构形优化,得到最小复合函数和换热管最佳内径.结果表明,构形优化后的集热器总泵功率和复合函数分别比初始设计点对应值降低了66.89%和5.56%,海水出口温度降低了8.9%.这说明复合函数牺牲了一定的传热性能,使得集热器的流动性能得到很大的改善,最终使得平板集热器的综合性能得到提高.随着单板宽度、太阳辐射强度、海水入口温度、吸热板热导率和集热器单元数的增大与总海水质量流率的减小,最小复合函数减小.将构形理论应用到平板太阳能集热器的构形优化中,为其结构优化设计提供了新的指导,这一方法可进一步推广到太阳能海洋温差发电系统的优化设计中.Collectors are important components for heat collection in solar ocean thermal energy conversion(OTEC)systems.In the present study,a complex function composed of the linear weighted sum of the seawater outlet temperature and the total consumed pumping power is established.Under the conditions of fixed total volumes of the heat absorption plate and the heat exchange tube,constructal optimization of a flat plate solar collector is conducted by taking the complex function as the optimization objective.The minimum complex function and optimal inner diameter of the heat exchange tube are obtained.The results show that compared with those obtained for the initial design point,the total consumed pumping power and complex function of the solar collector after constructal optimization are reduced by 66.89%and 5.56%,respectively,and the seawater outlet temperature is reduced by 8.9%.This illustrates that although the complex function sacrifices a certain amount of heat transfer performance,the flow performance is greatly improved,as is the overall performance of the flat plate collector.The minimum complex function decreases with increases in the single plate width,solar radiation intensity,seawater outlet temperature,thermal conductivity of the heat absorption plate,and number of collector units,and a decrease in the total seawater mass flow rate.Constructal theory is applied for constructal optimization of the flat plate solar collector,which provides new guidelines for its structural optimization design.This method can be further extended to the optimal designs of solar OTEC systems.

关 键 词：构形理论 平板太阳能集热器 海水出口温度 泵功率 复合函数 广义热力学优化 

分 类 号：TK513.1[动力工程及工程热物理—热能工程]