三峡水库175 m试验性蓄水后库区水质时空变化规律  

Tempo-spatial variation of water quality in Three Gorges Reservoir area since its 175 m experimental impoundment

作　　者：张漫 张万顺[1] 张潇[1] 郭平 李崇明 ZHANG Man;ZHANG Wanshun;ZHANG Xiao;GUO Ping;LI Chongming(School of Resources and Environmental Sciences,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430079,China;Chongqing Academy of Eco-Environmental Sciences,Chongqing 401147,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉大学资源与环境科学学院,湖北武汉430079 [2]重庆市生态环境科学研究院,重庆401147

出　　处：《人民长江》2022年第3期68-73,91,共7页Yangtze River

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目“梯级调控作用下汉江中下游生源要素迁移及水华暴发的驱动机制”(41877531)。

摘　　要：为了研究三峡水库175 m试验性蓄水运行后的库区水质时空变化规律,基于2008~2019年三峡库区逐月水质监测数据,采用Mann-Kendall非参数检验法和水质质量指数(WQI)综合评估法分析了三峡库区蓄水后水质时空分布特征。结果表明:三峡库区水质主要超标项目为总磷和高锰酸盐指数,上游总磷、高锰酸盐指数超标现象大于下游;2008~2019年高锰酸盐指数、总磷浓度整体呈缓慢下降趋势;2016年是干流总磷浓度变化的突变节点,干流的总磷浓度在2016年之后有显著下降趋势;三峡库区干支流水质质量指数整体处于上升趋势,支流水质质量指数整体低于干流,丰水期水质质量指数低于枯、平水期。研究成果可以为三峡库区水环境保护和管理提供科学依据。In order to study the tempo-spatial variation of water quality in the Three Gorges Reservoir area since the operation of 175 m experimental impoundment,based on monthly water quality monitoring data from 2008 to 2019,the tempo-spatial distribution characteristics of water quality were analyzed by Mann-Kendall non-parametric test method and Water Quality Index(WQI)comprehensive evaluation method.The results showed that the major items exceeding the standard were total phosphorus and permanganate index,the overstandard phenomenon in the upstream was more serious than that in the downstream.The permanganate index and total phosphorus concentration showed a slow decreasing trend from 2008 to 2019.The 2016 was a mutation point of total phosphorus concentration in the main stream,as it had a significant downward trend after 2016 in the mainstream.The WQI of the main and tributary streams in the Three Gorges Reservoir area was on the rise,and the WQI of tributaries was generally lower than that of the main stream,and the WQI in wet season was lower than that in dry and normal season.The research results can provide scientific basis for water environment protection and management in the Three Gorges Reservoir area.

关 键 词：水质特征 时空分异 水质质量指数(WQI) Mann-Kendall非参数检验法 三峡库区 

分 类 号：X524[环境科学与工程—环境工程]