分娩限位栏经历对母猪产仔行为及生理指标的影响  

Effects of Experience in Farrowing Crate on the Behavior and Physiological Indexes of Farrowing Sows

作　　者：朱怡轩 王孝义[1] 鲁立刚 陈强 张燕林 王淑燕[1] 李明丽[1] ZHU Yixuan;WANG Xiaoyi;LU Ligang;CHEN Qiang;ZHANG Yanlin;WANG Shuyan;LI Mingli(Faculty of Animal Science and Technology,Yunnan Agricultural University,Kunming 650201,China;Bijie Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science,Bijie 551700,China;Yunnan Fuyuefa Livestock and Poultry Feeding Company Limited,Kunming 650300,China)

机构地区：[1]云南农业大学动物科学技术学院,云南昆明650201 [2]毕节市畜牧兽医科学研究所,贵州毕节551700 [3]云南福悦发畜禽养殖有限公司,云南昆明650300

出　　处：《云南农业大学学报（自然科学版）》2022年第2期243-248,共6页Journal of Yunnan Agricultural University:Natural Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31360567);国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFD0501206);云南省乡村振兴专项(202104BI090022);云南省重大科技专项(202102AE090039)。

摘　　要：【目的】研究分娩限位栏经历对母猪产仔行为及生理指标的影响。【方法】将168头不同分娩限位栏经历的大白母猪分为初产母猪(经历0次)、经产1~3次母猪和经产4~6次母猪3种类型。在相同产房条件下,以相同规格的分娩限位栏作为试验母猪的陌生分娩环境,不同类型的母猪分别在预产期前7 d进入分娩栏,持续跟踪测定和分析7个胎次母猪的行为及生理指标。【结果】随分娩限位栏分娩次数增加,母猪在分娩限位栏内表现得更加安静,在陌生分娩环境内的运动步数显著减少(P<0.05),侧卧时间显著延长(P<0.05),坐立、跪立、假咀嚼和啃栏等异常行为的发生次数和持续时间显著降低(P<0.05或P<0.01)。此外,与初产母猪相比,经产1~3次和经产4~6次母猪在相同测定时间内的体表温度均更低(P>0.05或P<0.05),心率更慢(P<0.05或P<0.01),血氧饱和度总体上呈一定幅度的上升(P<0.05)。【结论】随着分娩限位栏经历次数的增加,母猪可通过调控自身行为及生理过程更好地适应陌生分娩环境。[Purpose]To study the effects of different early farrowing crate’s experience on the behavior and physiological indexes of farrowing sows. [Method]A total of 168 Large White sows were divided into three types: first farrowing sows(0 time), multiparity farrowing sows 1-3 times, and multiparity farrowing sows 4-6 times. Under the same delivery room conditions and the same specifications of the farrowing crate sows of different types entered the farrowing crate on the first seven days before farrowing, tracking the behavior and physiological parameters of seven parities of sows continuously. [Result]Sows were quieter in farrowing crate by increasing the time of farrowing in farrowing crate, the movement steps in unfamiliar farrowing environment was significantly decreased(P<0.05), and the time of lateral lying was significantly prolonged(P<0.05). The times of occurrence and duration of abnormal behaviors such as sitting, kneeling, false chewing and bar-biting were significantly decreased(P<0.05 or P<0.01). In addition, compared with the first sow, sows of multiparity1-3 times and multiparity 4-6 times had lower body surface temperature during the same measurement period(P>0.05 or P<0.05), and slower heart rate(P<0.05 or P<0.01), blood oxygen saturation was also increased in general(P<0.05). [Conclusion]With the increase of the experience in farrowing crate, sows can adapt to the unfamiliar farrowing environment better by regulating their own behavior and physiological processes.

关 键 词：产仔母猪 行为 生理指标 分娩限位栏经历 

分 类 号：S828.3[农业科学—畜牧学]