江苏省主要农作物碳足迹动态及其构成研究  

Carbon footprint dynamics and composition assessment of major crops production in Jiangsu province

作　　者：张传红 韩露 谢佳男 靳浩 刘翠英[3] 樊建凌 ZHANG Chuanhong;HAN Lu;XIE Jianan;JIN Hao;LIU Cuiying;FAN Jianling(School of Environmental Science and Engineering/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control/Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology,Nanjing University of Information Science&Technology,Nanjing 210044;Reading Academy,Nanjing University of Information Science&Technology,Nanjing 210044;School of Applied Meteorology,Nanjing University of Information Science&Technology,Nanjing 210044)

机构地区：[1]南京信息工程大学环境科学与工程学院/江苏省大气环境监测与污染控制高技术研究重点实验室/大气环境与装备技术协同创新中心,南京210044 [2]南京信息工程大学雷丁学院,南京210044 [3]南京信息工程大学应用气象学院,南京210044

出　　处：《南京信息工程大学学报（自然科学版）》2022年第1期110-119,共10页Journal of Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology（Natural Science Edition）

基　　金：江苏省“六大人才高峰”项目(JNHB-061);南京信息工程大学引进人才启动经费(2018r038)。

摘　　要：江苏作为农业大省和粮食主产区,全面核算其主要农作物生产碳足迹时序动态变化与构成,可为江苏省主要作物生产体系全过程环境管理及农业绿色发展提供决策依据.本文采用生命周期评价法(LCA)核算江苏省1990—2019年水稻、小麦、玉米、大豆和油菜5种作物生产过程各环节碳排放强度,研究分析不同作物生产碳足迹时序动态变化、构成及影响因素.结果表明,近30年江苏省主要作物生产单位产量碳足迹呈下降趋势,单位面积碳足迹呈上升趋势.不同作物单位产量碳足迹(单位:kg(CO_(2)-eq)·kg^(-1))大小分别表现为油菜(1.74)>水稻(1.36)>小麦(0.99)>玉米(0.81)>大豆(0.64).在作物碳足迹构成中,稻田CH_(4)排放(54.43%)和化肥投入(20.65%)是水稻生产碳足迹主要来源,其他组分贡献较低.对小麦、玉米、大豆和油菜而言,不同农资投入碳足迹贡献较为突出的组分均为化肥投入和土壤N_(2)O排放,其他组分贡献比重较小.随机森林分析表明,种子、氮肥及农机投入的变化是不同作物碳足迹年际变化的主要驱动因素.因此,对不同作物生产需采取针对性的减排措施,从农资投入、过程管理等多方面进行调节,以促进农业绿色高效发展.Jiangsu is a major agricultural province and grain producing area.The comprehensive accounting of the temporal dynamics and composition of carbon footprint of major crops could provide decision-making basis for environmental management and green development of the agricultural sector in Jiangsu province.In this paper,Life Cycle Assessment(LCA)was used to calculate the carbon emission intensity of rice,wheat,maize,soybean and rapeseed production processes in Jiangsu province during 1990-2019,and the temporal dynamics,composition and influencing factors of carbon footprints of these crops were analyzed.The results showed that the carbon footprint per unit yield of major crops in Jiangsu province decreased but the carbon footprint per unit area increased in recent 30 years.The carbon footprint per unit yield for different crops showed as rapeseed(1.74 kg(CO_(2)-eq)·kg^(-1))>rice(1.36 kg(CO_(2)-eq)·kg^(-1))>wheat(0.99 kg(CO_(2)-eq)·kg^(-1))>maize(0.81 kg(CO_(2)-eq)·kg^(-1))>soybean(0.64 kg CO_(2)-eq kg^(-1)).For the composition of carbon footprint,CH_(4) emission(54.43%)and chemical fertilizer input(20.65%)were the two major sources for rice production,while chemical fertilizer input and soil N_(2)O emission are the most important sources for wheat,maize,soybean and rapeseed production.Random forest analysis showed that the variation of seed,nitrogen fertilizer and agricultural machinery input were the main driving factors for the interannual change of carbon footprints for different crops.Therefore,it is necessary to take targeted emission reduction strategies for different crop production and adjust agricultural inputs and process management in order to promote the green and efficient development of agriculture.

关 键 词：碳足迹 时序变化 主要农作物 生命周期评价 构成分析 

分 类 号：X820.3[环境科学与工程—环境工程]