行业性失信惩戒的法治困境、性质及规制  

Legal Dilemma,Nature and Regulation of Industrial Trust-breaking Punishment

作　　者：封星琦 蒋都都 Feng Xingqi;Jiang Dudu(School of Law,Jilin University,Changchun 130012,Jilin,China;School of Credit Risk Management,Xiangtan University,Xiangtan 411105,Hunan,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林大学法学院,吉林长春130012 [2]湘潭大学信用风险管理学院,湖南湘潭411105

出　　处：《征信》2022年第3期43-52,共10页Credit Reference

基　　金：2021年度司法部法治建设与法学理论研究部级科研项目(21SFB4029);湖南省哲学社会科学基金青年项目(19YBQ098);湖南省教育厅优秀青年项目(19B545)。

摘　　要：行业性失信惩戒是行业协会商会依据行业自治规范对失信会员采取符合失信惩戒原理的惩戒措施。行业协会商会依靠其支配和影响能力,以会员意志凝结的章程为权源,对违反行业秩序的失信会员加以惩罚,从而维护会员权益和行业利益。因此,行业性失信惩戒是社会公权力“处罚”,并由失信惩戒设定权、失信评价权和惩戒实施权所构成。基于社会公权力自制,行业协会商会在实施行业性失信惩戒中应贯彻法治原则。基于国家公权力介入,政府应加强对行业性失信惩戒依据的审查;以立法或司法解释创设社会行政诉讼制度,法院应对行业性失信惩戒进行合法性审查。Industrial trust-breaking punishment refers to the disciplinary measures taken by industry associations and chambers of commerce to the trust-breaking members in accordance with the principles of the disciplinary measures.Industry associations and chambers of commerce rely on their abilities to dominate and influence,take the articles of association of members as the source of power,punish the faithless members who violate the order of the industry,so as to safeguard the interests of its members and the industry.Therefore,industrial trust-breaking punishment is“punishment”of social public power,and consists of right of enactment of trust-breaking punishment,right of evaluation of trust-breaking and right of punishment implementation.Based on the self-control of social public power,industry associations and chambers of commerce should implement the principle of rule of law when implementing industrial trust-breaking punishment.Based on the intervention of administrative public power,it’s necessary for the government to strengthen the examination of the disciplinary basis of industrial dishonesty,and try to create social administrative litigation system by legislation or judicial interpretation,and the court is considered necessary to examine the legality of industrial trust-breaking punishment.

关 键 词：行业性失信惩戒 法治 行业自治 社会公权力 行政处罚 行政诉讼 

分 类 号：F832.4[经济管理—金融学] D923[政治法律—民商法学]