基于形态学和高通量测序的海水池塘生态养殖系统中浮游植物多样性比较  

Comparison of Phytoplankton Community Diversity in the Ecological Aquaculture System of a Marine Pond Using Morphological Analysis and High-Throughput Sequencing

作　　者：乔玲 常志强[2] 李健[2] 任成喆 QIAO Ling;CHANG Zhiqiang;LI Jian;REN Chengzhe(Key Laboratory of Sustainable Utilization of Technology Research for Fishery Resource of Zhejiang Province,Zhejiang Marine Fisheries Research Institute,Zhoushan,Zhejiang 316012,China;Key Laboratory of Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Laboratory for Marine Fisheries and Food Production Processes,Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Sciences and Technology(Qingdao),Qingdao,Shandong 266071,China;Marine Science and Technology College,Zhejiang Ocean University,Zhoushan,Zhejiang 316022,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江省海洋水产研究所浙江省海洋渔业资源可持续利用技术研究重点实验室,浙江舟山316021 [2]中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所农业农村部海水养殖病害防治重点实验室青岛海洋科学与技术试点国家实验室海洋渔业科学与食物产出过程功能实验室,山东青岛266071 [3]浙江海洋大学海洋科学与技术学院,浙江舟山316022

出　　处：《渔业科学进展》2022年第2期32-43,共12页Progress in Fishery Sciences

基　　金：国家重点研发计划课题(2018YFD0900702-4)、国家自然科学基金资助项目(31873039);浙江省海洋水产研究所博士启动基金项目(2020B01);浙江海洋大学博士启动基金项目(11034150220004)共同资助。

摘　　要：利用形态学鉴定方法结合高通量测序技术,对2018年12月海水池塘生态养殖系统中浮游植物群落组成及多样性进行研究,结果显示,2种方法共鉴定浮游植物8个门,绿藻门(Chlorophyta)和隐藻门(Cryptophyta)为主要优势类群。共鉴定浮游植物39个属,仅有5个属,包括裸藻属(Eutreptiella)、颤藻属(Oscillatoria)、拟菱形藻属(Pseudonitzschia)、塔胞藻属(Pyramimonas)和全沟藻属(Teleaulax)为2种方法的共有鉴定结果。一些微微型(≤2μm)和较小的微型浮游植物(>2μm且≤10μm)仅在高通量测序结果中发现,其中,微微型浮游植物占总浮游植物序列丰度的25.24%,较小的微型浮游植物占60.42%。形态学方法调查的浮游植物多样性指数低于高通量测序方法。因此,利用形态学鉴定方法结合高通量测序技术,更能全面、准确地了解养殖生态系统中浮游植物群落结构及多样性。With increasing concern over the negative environmental impact of mariculture,ecological aquaculture based on multi-trophic systems has received extensive attention in recent years.Phytoplankton are important components of aquaculture ecosystems.They are useful in maintaining water quality by uptake of nutrients during photosynthesis and serve as a direct or indirect food source for cultured organisms.Some phytoplankton,such as diatoms and green algae,are conducive to the growth of shrimp,crab,shellfish,and fish,whereas others(such as cyanophytes and dinoflagellates)may be toxic to aquatic organisms in aquaculture systems.In the present study,a combination of traditional morphological analysis and high-throughput sequencing was used to comprehensively assess phytoplankton community composition and diversity in the ecological aquaculture system of a marine pond in December 2018.Eight phyla were detected using two methods,Chlorophyta and Cryptophyta being the most frequently recorded.Notably,the phyla Haptophyta and Chrysophyta were only found via high-throughput sequencing.Additionally,a total of 39 genera were detected using two methods,but only five genera,Eutreptiella,Oscillatoria,Pseudonitzschia,Pyramimonas,and Teleaulax were shared in both methods.Some picophytoplankton(≤2μm)and small nanophytoplankton(>2μm and≤10μm)were detected via high-throughput sequencing,but were not observed via morphological analysis.Picophytoplankton represented 25.24%of the total phytoplankton sequence abundance,and small nanophytoplankton accounted for 60.42%.Phytoplankton diversity revealed upon morphological analysis was lower than that revealed via high-throughput sequencing.Therefore,the combination of traditional morphological analysis and high-throughput sequencing will be useful for obtaining a comprehensive understanding of phytoplankton community composition and diversity in aquatic ecosystems.This study serves as a foundation for the characterization of phytoplankton community dynamics in the ecological aquaculture

关 键 词：生态养殖 浮游植物 多样性 形态学分析 高通量测序 

分 类 号：S917.3[农业科学—水产科学]