栗-茶间作茶园土壤化学性质和细菌丰富度分析  

Analysis of soil chemical properties and bacterial richness in chestnut-tea intercropping tea orchard

作　　者：李孟 刘琅 刀梅 杨自云[1,2] 吴田[1,2] LI Meng;LIU Lang;DAO Mei;YANG Ziyun;WU Tian(Southwest Landscape Architecture Engineering Research Center of National Forestry and Grassland Administration,Southwest Forestry University,Kunming 650224,Yunnan,China;School of Landscape Architecture and Horticulture Sciences,Southwest Forestry University,Kunming 650224,Yunnan,China)

机构地区：[1]西南林业大学国家林业和草原局西南风景园林工程技术研究中心,云南昆明650224 [2]西南林业大学园林园艺学院,云南昆明650224

出　　处：《经济林研究》2022年第1期58-65,81,共9页Non-wood Forest Research

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目“云南山茶高效育种技术与品种创制”(2019YFD100100005-2);云南省教育厅科学研究基金项目“栗-茶间作茶园土壤和茶叶品质的相关性研究”(2021Y251)。

摘　　要：【目的】探究纯作茶园与栗-茶间作茶园土壤化学性质、细菌丰富度的差异情况及其相关性,为板栗与茶树合理间作模式的推广提供科学依据。【方法】以云南省宜良县宝洪茶园的板栗-茶树间作茶园为研究对象,以该茶园中的纯作茶园为对照,取茶树根际土壤为供试土样,对春、秋季茶园土壤的化学性质和细菌丰富度进行测定与分析,并对细菌丰富度较高茶园的土壤各项化学性质指标进行皮尔森相关性分析。【结果】春、秋季茶园的土壤肥力,板栗-茶树间作显著提高了茶树根际土壤中全磷、全钾的含量。根据茶叶产地环境国家标准,春季茶园中,纯作茶园、1970和1990年板栗间作茶园土壤中含量达到Ⅰ级水平的化学元素分别有2、3与2个;1980年板栗间作茶园土壤中已检测到的7个化学元素的含量均达到Ⅰ级水平,说明该茶园的土壤肥力最佳。秋季茶园中,纯作茶园土壤中含量达到Ⅰ级水平的化学元素有3个;而1970、1980、1990年板栗间作茶园土壤中含量达到Ⅰ级水平的化学元素分别有5、6、6个。春季茶园中,1980年板栗间作茶园的土壤细菌丰富度最高;而秋季茶园中,1970年板栗间作茶园的土壤细菌丰富度最高。相关性分析结果显示:春、秋季栗-茶间作茶园中,土壤水解性氮、有效磷、速效钾与其他土壤化学元素含量间的相关性均较高,表明该间作模式下茶树根际土壤主要受到水解性氮、有效磷、速效钾的影响。【结论】栗-茶间作能够提高土壤肥力和土壤细菌丰富度,是值得推广的茶园种植模式。【Objective】The differences and correlations of soil chemical properties and bacterial richness between pure tea plantation and chestnut-tea intercropping tea orchard were investigated to provide a scientific basis for the promotion of a reasonable intercropping pattern of chestnut and tea tree.【Method】Taking the chestnut-tea intercropping tea orchard in Baohong Tea Garden,Yiliang county,Yunnan province as the research object,the pure tea plantation as the control,the rhizosphere soil of tea trees as the soil samples,the chemical properties and bacterial richness of tea plantation soil in spring and autumn were measured and analyzed,and the Pearson correlation analysis of various chemical properties of tea plantation soil with higher bacterial richness was conducted.【Result】The soil fertility of tea garden in spring and autumn,the content of total phosphorus and total potassium in rhizosphere soil of tea tree was significantly increased by chestnut-tea tree intercropping.According to the national standard for the environment of tea producing area,there were two,three and two chemical elements in the soil of pure tea plantation in spring,chestnut intercropping tea plantation in 1970 and 1990,respectively,which reached the level ofⅠ.In 1980,the contents of seven chemical elements detected in the soil of chestnut intercropping tea garden reached the level ofⅠ,indicating that the soil fertility of this tea garden was the best.In autumn tea gardens,there were three chemical elements with the content of gradeⅠin pure tea garden soil.In 1970,1980 and 1990,there were five,six and six chemical elements in the soil of chestnut intercropping tea plantation.Among the spring tea plantations,the soil bacterial richness was the highest in the chestnut intercropping tea plantations in 1980,while the soil bacterial richness was the highest in the chestnut intercropping tea plantations in 1970 in autumn.The correlation analysis showed that the hydrolyzed nitrogen,available phosphorus and available potassium in che

关 键 词：栗-茶间作 茶园 土壤化学性质 细菌丰富度 

分 类 号：S604.6[农业科学—园艺学] S571.1