自贸港建设背景下海南生态农业发展刍议  

Study on the Development of Ecological Agriculture in Hainan in the Context of the Free Trade Port Construction

作　　者：姬卿[1] 徐涛 陈海鹰[3] 闵义[4] 傅国华 JI Qing;XU Tao;CHEN Hai-ying(The Achievement Transformation Office of Hainan University,Haikou,Hainan 570228;Management School of Hainan University,Haikou,Hainan 570228;Tourism College of Hainan University,Haikou,Hainan 570228)

机构地区：[1]海南大学成果转化办公室,海南海口570228 [2]海南大学管理学院,海南海口570228 [3]海南大学旅游学院,海南海口570228 [4]海南大学生命科学与药学院,海南海口570228 [5]海南大学校长办公室,海南海口570228

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2022年第6期245-248,共4页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：海南省哲学社会科学规划课题(HNSK(ZC)20-02);海南省自然科学基金高层次人才项目(720RC577);中国工程科技发展战略海南研究院咨询研究项目子课题(19-HN-ZD-03-⑤)。

摘　　要：在自贸港建设大背景下,海南生态农业发展迎来重大历史机遇。但分析发现,海南与全国相比,83%指标低于或反向于全国平均水平,仅有17%的指标高于或优于全国平均水平。海南生态农业发展面临农业基础设施投入严重不足,过量施用化肥和农药,自贸港建设经济发展和生态保护之间矛盾更加突出,农产品在海外零关税商品冲击下,价格上可能毫无竞争力等严峻挑战。为此,提出以下政策建议:优化空间布局,做好顶层设计;大力发展生态循环农业;积极探索农民市民化;积极应对零关税对农产品的冲击和让自贸港税收优惠政策惠及“三农”。In the context of the free trade port construction,the development of ecological agriculture in Hainan has ushered in a major historical opportunity.However,analyses show that 83%of the indicators in Hainan are lower than or contrary to the national average,and only 17%are higher or better than the national average.In developing ecological agriculture,Hainan is facing many problems such as a serious shortage of agricultural infrastructure investment,overuse of chemical fertilizers and pesticides,a more prominent contradiction between economic development and ecological protection in the free port construction process,and the uncompetitive price of agricultural products under the impact of zero-tariff products from overseas.Therefore,this paper proposed the following policy recommendations to cope with this situation:optimizing the spatial layout and improving top-level design;vigorously developing ecological recycling agriculture;actively exploring transforming farmers to urban residents;responding to the impact of zero tariffs on agricultural products;allowing the tax preferential policies in the free trade port to benefit agriculture,rural areas,and rural residents,etc.

关 键 词：生态农业 自贸港 挑战 政策建议 海南 

分 类 号：F323.22[经济管理—产业经济]