从转变政府职能到优化政府职责体系:中国行政体制改革的视角转换与分析框架  

From Transforming Government Functions to Optimizing Government Responsibility System:Perspective Shifting and Analytical Framework of the Administrative System Reform in China

作　　者：包国宪[1,2] 周豪 BAO Guo-xian;ZHOU Hao(School of Management,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China;China Research Center for Government Performance Management,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州大学管理学院,兰州730000 [2]兰州大学中国政府绩效管理研究中心,兰州730000

出　　处：《理论探讨》2022年第2期43-51,共9页Theoretical Investigation

基　　金：研究阐释党的十九届四中全会精神国家社会科学基金重点项目“国家治理效能目标导向下的政府职责体系优化研究”(20AZD032)。

摘　　要：改革开放以来的行政体制改革以政府职能和政府职责体系为核心关注点。转变政府职能旨在持续优化政府与市场和社会的关系。政府与市场关系的改革关注如何有效释放市场活力,政府与社会关系的改革关注打造“共建共治共享”的社会治理格局,政府在协调市场与社会关系中作用的改革关注如何协调市场与社会的发展以促进社会公平。优化政府职责体系旨在基于绩效导向明确政府系统内部各层级和部门的权责分配,包括以打破职责同构为重心的纵向政府间关系改革、以加强部门协作为重心的政府职能部门关系改革、以促进府际协同为重心的横向政府间关系改革。从转变政府职能到优化政府职责体系的视角转换体现了中国行政体制改革的深化趋势,二者共同目标指向提升政府治理效能以支撑国家治理体系和治理能力现代化。行政体制改革作用于政府绩效改进的过程也是绩效观重塑的过程,因此,为了建设人民满意的服务型政府,政府需要树立以人民为中心的绩效观。Since the reform and opening-up,the administrative reform in China has focused on government functions and government responsibilitiy system.The transformation of government functions aims to continuously optimize the relationship between the government,the market and the society.Reform on the relationship between the government and the market focuses on how to effectively release market dynamics.Reform on the relationship between the government and the society focuses on fostering a social governance pattern featuring joint contribution,participation,and shared benefits.Reform on the government role in coordinating the relationship between the market and the society focuses on how to coordinate the development of the market and the society to promote social justice.Optimizing the government responsibility system aims to make clear the distribution of powers and responsibilities among all levels and departments within the government system from the perspective of performance-oriented view,including reform on vertical inter-governmental relations with the focus on breaking the isomorphism of responsibilities,reform on the relationship between government departments with the focus on strengthening departmental coordination,and reform on horizontal government-to-government relations with the focus on promoting inter-governmental coordination.The shifting of perspective from transforming government functions to optimizing government responsibility system reflects the deepening trend of China’s administrative reform.The common goal of the two aspects is the improvement of government performance to support the modernization of state governance system and governance capacity.The influencing process of administrative reform on the improvement of government performance is also the process of the remolding of performance view of government.Therefore,in order to build a service-oriented government that people are satisfied with,the government needs to establish a people-centered performance view.

关 键 词：行政体制改革 政府职能转变 政府职责体系 服务型政府 分析框架 

分 类 号：D63-3[政治法律—政治学]