集体成员资格何以认定?——以土地安置费案件中的司法认定为例  

How to Identify the Qualification of Collective Membership?--Judicial Identification in Land Resettlement Fee Cases

作　　者：朱涛[1,2] ZHU Tao

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院社会发展战略研究院 [2]中国社会科学院大学社会学院

出　　处：《社会学评论》2022年第2期221-237,共17页Sociological Review of China

基　　金：中国社会科学院国情调研重大项目“社会治理现代化与构建基层社区治理体系”、北京市社科基金重大项目“北京市美丽乡村建设路径研究”(20JCA102)。

摘　　要：在土地安置费纠纷中,利益分配的关键在于村集体成员资格的认定。既有研究注意到认定成员资格存在法律逻辑与村社逻辑的冲突,但对化解冲突实践中成员资格的司法认定标准及意义考察不足。本研究以十类土地安置费案件为例,侧重分析司法审理如何认定集体成员资格,关注成员资格的认定标准。与户籍标准、村落共同体标准不同,司法认定从法律权利角度出发的“复合标准”,实质是以户籍为基础的权利认定,强调个人权利的赋予和保护。在土地安置费案件中,村民在不同认定规则中寻求利益最大化的选择,集体成员资格认定回应着“从身份到契约”的经典议题。In the disputes of land resettlement fees,the key point of the distribution of interests lies in the identification of the collective membership of the village.Previous studies have noticed that there are conflicts between legal logic and village logic in identifying memberships,but it is not enough to find the explanation of judicial identification standards.This study takes ten cases of land resettlement fees as an example,focusing on the significance of judicial identification of collective membership.On the standard of identification,unlike the household standard and the village community standard,the judicial“compound criteria” starting from“legal rights”are essentially based on the household registration,emphasizing the endowment and protection of in dividual rights.Villagers seek to maximize their interests in different identification rules.The judicial practice of collective membership responds to the issue of“from status to contract”.

关 键 词：成员资格 土地安置 司法认定 

分 类 号：D922.3[政治法律—法学] D923.2