2016年三个相似路径台风影响江西的暴雨落区差异成因  

Study on the Difference of Rainstorm Areas in JiangxiCaused by Three Similar Tracks Typhoons in 2016

作　　者：孙素琴[1] 刘春[1] 刘文英[2] Sun Suqin;Liu Chun;Liu Wenying(Jiangxi Province Meteorological Bureau,Nanchang 330096,China;Jiangxi Agricultural Meteorological Center,Nanchang 330096,China)

机构地区：[1]江西省气象台,江西南昌330046 [2]江西省农业气象中心,江西南昌330096

出　　处：《气象与减灾研究》2021年第4期266-273,共8页Meteorology and Disaster Reduction Research

基　　金：中国气象局预报员专项(编号:CMAYBY2017-039);江西省气象局重点项目(编号:JX2020Z09);泛珠三角科技创新开放基金(编号:FZSJ202111);江西省气象科技项目(编号:JXQX2019yxh).

摘　　要：利用常规气象观测数据、台风路径资料和FNL再分析资料,对2016年三个路径相似台风(01号Nepartak、14号Meranti和17号Megi)在江西的暴雨落区差异进行分析。结果表明:三者移动路径相似,登陆后副热带高压强度、水汽输送条件、台风与冷空气结合等差异共同导致在江西暴雨落区不同。台风Megi在江西形成暴雨范围最广,Nepartak次之,Meranti最小。台风Megi登陆后江西地区水汽通量和天气尺度上升运动最强,天气尺度持续稳定性降水以及后期台风环流与低层冷空气相结合,导致降水累计值最大。台风Nepartak影响江西期间无冷空气与之作用,形成的降水以中尺度对流性降水为主,强的对流有效位能释放加剧中尺度对流上升运动,造成以短时强降雨为主的暴雨。台风Meranti影响时江西东北部天气尺度上升运动相对前两者较弱,影响时间相对较短,形成的暴雨较前两者偏弱。The differences of rainstorm area in Jiangxi caused by Typhoon Nepartak(1601),Meranti(1614)and Megi(1617)in 2016 were analyzed based on conventional meteorological observation data and the FNL 1°×1°reanalysis data.The three typhoons presented similar moving tracks but different features of precipitation distribution.The rainstorm caused by Megi had the largest accumulated rainfall and the widest range in Jiangxi,followed by Neparak,and the rainstorm range caused by Meranti was the smallest.For Megi,the water vapor flux and synoptic scale rising movement were the strongest in Jiangxi.The continuous and stable synoptic scale precipitation and the combination with low-level cold air were the main reasons for the maximum cumulative rainfall of Megi.No cold air intrusion was found for Nepartak,and the precipitation of Nepartak was characterized by convective precipitation.The release of strong convective effective potential energy intensified the meso-scale convective upward movement,and caused the rainstorm dominated by short-term heavy rainfall in Jiangxi.For Meranti,the ascending movement was relatively weak in Jiangxi,thus the rainstorm range was the smallest compared with the other two.

关 键 词：台风 暴雨落区 上升运动 冷空气 对比分析 

分 类 号：P458.124[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]