不同微量矿物质添加剂对育肥猪生长性能及矿物元素排放的影响  

Effects of different mineral additives on performance and faecal mineral elemente mission of finishing pigs

作　　者：敖维平[1,2] 周岭[3] 方雷[1,2] 杜建国 祁雄 孙国昶 李时进 AO Weiping;ZHOU Ling;FANG Lei;DU Jianguo;QI Xiong;SUN Guochang;LI Shijin(College of Animal Science and Technology,Tarim University,Alar,Xinjiang 843300;Key Laboratory of Tarim Animal Husbandry Science and Technology,Xinjiang Production&Construction Group.Alar,Xinjiang 8433000;College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Tarim University,Alar,Xinjiang 8433000;Tecon Biology,Co.Ltd,Urumqi,Xinjiang 830011)

机构地区：[1]塔里木大学动物科学与技术学院,新疆阿拉尔843300 [2]塔里木畜牧科技兵团重点实验室,新疆阿拉尔843300 [3]塔里木大学机械电气化工程学院,新疆阿拉尔843300 [4]天康生物股份有限公司,新疆乌鲁木齐830011

出　　处：《塔里木大学学报》2022年第1期88-93,共6页Journal of Tarim University

基　　金：新疆生产建设兵团畜禽规模养殖场废弃物资源化利用技术研究课题“养殖场粪污有害因子控制技术研究与示范”(2019AB028);新疆生产建设兵团科技特派员项目“生物资源化利用”(1119226)。

摘　　要：试验采用单因素试验设计,选择体重和年龄相近的126头(51.7±1.7)kg杜长大三元杂交猪为试验动物,随机分成3组(无机组、有机1组和有机2组),每组3个重复,每个重复14头猪,预试期7 d,正试期为30 d。无机组矿物元素添加量参考NRC(2012)推荐量,有机1组和有机2组的矿物元素添加量分别为NRC(2012)推荐量的50%和80%。试验结果表明:有机矿物元素对猪采食量影响不明显(P>0.05),但有促进采食量增加的趋势,平均日增重和料重比有极显著改善(P<0.01),猪粪中矿物元素铜、锌和铁的排出量极显著降低(P<0.01),表现为与摄入量呈高度相关性,但血液中铁含量与摄入量间不存在关联性。试验结果提示,有机矿物元素减量替代生长育肥猪饲粮中的无机矿物元素,不仅不会影响育肥猪的生长性能,还有提高猪生长性能的作用,减少了猪粪中微量矿物元素排放量。综合认为,有机矿物元素按NRC(2012)推荐量的50%添加,能满足对生长肥育猪生长的矿物元素需要。The experiment was designed with a single factor and lasted for 30 days.126 pigs weighting about(51.7±1.7)kg each(Duroc×Yorshire×Landrace)with similar age were randomly divided into 3 groups(inorganic group,organic group I and organic group II).Each group has 3 replicates and 14 pigs in each replicate.The amount of mineral elements in inorganic group is recom-mended by NRC(2012).Mineral element supplemental amounts of organic group 1 and organic group 2 were 50%and 80%of the recommended amount of NRC(2012),respectively.The results showed that the organic mineral elements had no significant effect on pig’s feed intake(P>0.05),and had a slim tendency to increase the feed intake,but the average daily weight gain and the ratio of feed/gain of pigs were significantly improved(P<0.01).Meanwhile,elements of copper,zinc and iron in pig manure were signifi-cantly decreased(P<0.01),showing a high correlation with the intake,but there wasn't significant correlation between mineral ele-ments concentration in blood and intake.The results of this experiment suggest that the reduction of organic mineral elements by in-organic mineral elements replace does not affect the growth performance of finishing pigs,rather than improve the growth perfor-mance.At the same time,the concentration of mineral elements in pig feces has been reduced,which is helpful to achieve the reduc-tion of trace mineral elements in pig feces.It is concluded that 50%organic trace elements supplemental amount according to NRC(2012)can meet the production requirements of growing and finishing pigs.

关 键 词：有机矿物元素 无机矿物元素 育肥猪 生长性能 粪便 

分 类 号：S816.43[农业科学—饲料科学]