云南异龙湖景观格局时空变化及驱动因素研究  被引量:5

Temporal and Spatial Changes of Yilong Lake Landscape and It’s Driving Factors

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作  者:马国强 肖剑平 吴鸿章 李俊冬 汪靖山 李旭[3] MA Guo-qiang;XIAO Jian-ping;WU Hong-zhang;LI Jun-dong;WANG Jing-shan;LI Xu(Kunming Survey&Design Institute of State Forestry and Grassland Administration,Kunming Yunnan,650216,P.R.China;School of Life Sciences,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou Gansu 730000,P.R.China;Key Laboratory for Conserving Wildlife with Small Populations in Yunnan,Faculty of Biodiversity Conservation,Southwest Forestry University,Kunming Yunnan 650224,P.R.China;Yilong Lake Administration,Shiping Yunnan 662200,P.R.China)

机构地区:[1]国家林业和草原局昆明勘察设计院,云南昆明650216 [2]兰州大学生命科学学院,甘肃兰州730000 [3]西南林业大学生物多样性保护学院,云南省高校极小种群野生动物保育重点实验室,云南昆明650224 [4]异龙湖管理局,云南石屏662200

出  处:《西部林业科学》2022年第1期9-15,28,共8页Journal of West China Forestry Science

基  金:云南省教育厅自然科学基金(11070644);云南省重点学科野生动植物保护与利用(XKZ200904);云南省林学一流学科建设项目(51600625)。

摘  要:利用ArcGIS软件对异龙湖2012—2019年的遥感影像进行预处理后,通过监督分类和目视解译相结合的方式,将遥感影像解译,利用Fragstats 4.2进行景观指数定量分析并对驱动力进行探讨。研究结果显示:(1)从时间上,2012—2019年间的异龙湖各景观类型规模变化显著,变化最显著的景观类型是水域,面积增加1604.0 hm^(2);从空间上,异龙湖西岸湿地和南面变化显著,主要是由于大量的沼泽景观被清理,转为水域景观。(2)景观指数方面,2012—2019年期间,斑块个数和斑块密度均呈现先增加后减少的趋势,表明这期间景观破碎度先升高而又下降;周长-面积分维数指数在整体上呈现出先增加后减小的趋势,而最大斑块指数呈现出先减小后增加的趋势,说明最大斑块优势明显增加,景观斑块复杂性程度减少,破碎化程度减少;香农多样性指数和香农均匀度指数也呈现先增加后减少变化过程,说明这期间景观丰富度是先升高而又下降的,到2019年景观类型的优势度增加,多样性减少。(3)异龙湖景观演变主要受社会经济因素的影响,主成分分析结果表示其解释度为77.93%。研究结果表明景观格局指数变化中,斑块个数和斑块密度均整体呈减少的趋势,意味着景观破碎度变小,使得景观类型越来越丰富,说明异龙湖流域重要的景观类型得到保护,生态环境在逐渐改善。Based on the remote sensing images of Yilong lake from 2012 to 2019 processed by ArcGIS software, the remote sensing images were interpreted by the combination of supervised classification and visual interpretation, the landscape index was quantitatively analyzed by Fragstats 4.2,and the driving force was discussed.The results showed that:(1)In terms of time, the scale of various landscape types of Yilong Lake changed significantly from 2012 to 2019.From 2012 to 2019,the most significant landscape type of Yilong lake was water area, with an increase of 1 604.0 hm^(2);Spatially, the wetlands on the West Bank and the south of Yilong lake had changed significantly, mainly because a large number of swamp landscapes had been cleared and turned into water landscapes.(2)The landscape index results showed that during 2012-2019,the number of patches and patch density increased first and then decreased, indicating that the landscape fragmentation increased first and then decreased during this period.On the whole, the perimeter area fractal dimension index showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing, while the maximum patch index showed a trend of first decreasing and then increasing, indicating that the advantage of the maximum patch increased obviously, the complexity of landscape patch decreases and the degree of fragmentation decreased.Shannon diversity index and Shannon evenness index also showed a change process of first increasing and then decreasing, indicating that during this period, the landscape richness first increases and then decreases.By 2019,the dominance of landscape types increased and the diversity decreased.(3)The landscape evolution of Yilong lake was mainly affected by socioeconomic factors.The result of principal component analysis showed that its interpretation degree was 77.93%.The results showed that in the change of landscape pattern index, the number of patches and patch density were decreasing as a whole, which means that the landscape fragmentation becomes smaller, making the landsc

关 键 词:异龙湖 景观格局 时空变化 驱动因素 

分 类 号:P901[天文地球—自然地理学]

 

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