甘肃省黄土高原区典型城市雨洪与积水模拟研究  

Research on Urban Rainstorm Flood and Ponding of Typical City in Loess Plateau of Gansu Province

作　　者：郭鹏[1,2] 慕登睿 吕继强 袁卫宁[1,2] 周长泉 王战平 GUO Peng;MU Deng-rui;LÜJi-qiang;YUAN Wei-ning;ZHOU Chang-quan;WANG Zhan-ping(School of Water and Environment,Chang’an University,Xi’an 710061,China;Key Laboratory of Underground Hydrology and Ecological Effects in Arid Areas,Ministry of Education,Xi’an 710061,China;Lanzhou College of Information Science and Technology,Lanzhou 730300,China;Xi’an Shiyuan Landscape Company Co.,Ltd,Xi’an 710061,China)

机构地区：[1]长安大学水利与环境学院,西安710061 [2]长安大学旱区地下水文与生态效应教育部重点实验室,西安710061 [3]兰州信息科技学院,兰州730300 [4]西安世园园林有限责任公司,西安710024

出　　处：《中国农村水利水电》2022年第4期25-30,40,共7页China Rural Water and Hydropower

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFE0103800);国家自然科学基金面上项目(51679185);甘肃省教育厅高等学校创意基金项目(2020A-186)。

摘　　要：近年来,受气候变化影响,黄土高原城市区极端暴雨事件持续多发,引起诸多城市内涝等水灾害问题,严重影响社会、经济发展。选取甘肃省黄土高原地区典型新建城市区为研究对象,基于历史实测降雨、径流数据及地形等基础数据,构建黄土高原沟壑区城市暴雨洪水模拟模型(Seorm Water Management Model,SWMM),研究不同设计频率的极端降雨事件发生后城市区洪水形成过程。模拟结果表明,暴雨设计重现期超过2年时,部分道路即出现内涝情况,且随设计重现期增加内涝加重;受排水管网埋深、管径、雨水口数量、地形、地质等因素影响,部分区域产流量较大,同时洪水溢流时间延长和积水深度增加;研究认为该地区城市区暴雨强度大、下渗量小、集水能力不足等问题,是造成黄土高原城市区内涝的主要原因。城市雨洪管理需综合考虑管网排水现状与模拟计算的积水点分布状况,开展关键积水节点排水管网设计及施工改造工程,推进海绵城市建设,提高城市防洪减灾能力。In recent years,affected by climate change,extreme rainstorm events occur frequently in urban areas of the Loess Plateau,causing many urban waterlogging and other water disasters,which seriously affects the social and economic development of the region. In this paper,the urban storm flood simulation model(Seorm Water Management Model,SWMM)is constructed in the gully region of the Loess Plateau to study the process of urban flood formation after the occurrence of extreme rainfall events with different design frequencies. The simulation results show that when the design return period of rainstorm is more than 2 years,some roads will be waterlogged,and the waterlogging will increase with the increase in the design return period. Affected by the buried depth,pipe diameter,number of inlets,topography,geology and other factors of drainage network,the runoff in some areas increases,and the flood overflow time and water depth increase. It is considered that the main causes of waterlogging in urban areas of the Loess Plateau have heavy rainstorm intensity,small infiltration and insufficient water collection capacity. In order to promote the construction of sponge city and improve the ability of flood control and disaster reduction,it is necessary to comprehensively consider the drainage status of the pipe network and the distribution of simulated ponding points,carry out the design and construction of drainage pipe networks of key ponding nodes,and promote the construction of sponge city.

关 键 词：黄土高原 城市水灾害 雨洪模拟 SWMM模型 

分 类 号：TV121[水利工程—水文学及水资源]