极低出生体质量早产儿校正胎龄40周时小脑发育的状况研究  

Study on cerebellum development in very low birth weight preterm infants at 40 weeks of corrected gestational age

作　　者：刘瑞可 李桂芳 李莉 杜学谦 李桂莲 Liu Ruike;Li Guifang;Li Li;Du Xueqian;Li Guilian(Department of Neonatology,Cangzhou People’s Hospital,Hebei,Cangzhou 061000,China)

机构地区：[1]沧州市人民医院新生儿科,河北沧州061000

出　　处：《发育医学电子杂志》2022年第2期95-100,共6页Journal of Developmental Medicine (Electronic Version)

基　　金：河北省医学科学研究课题计划(20200173)。

摘　　要：目的利用颅脑超声检测并评估极低出生体质量(very low birth weight,VLBW)早产儿校正胎龄40周时小脑结构发育特点。方法胎龄<32周VLBW早产儿58例为早产儿组,于校正胎龄40周时颅脑超声检查小脑横径和小脑蚓部高度;胎龄40周足月儿48例为足月儿组,于出生当日查颅脑超声相同指标,比较两组的差异。早产儿组按胎龄<28周超早产儿19例、≥28周极早产儿39例分为超早产儿组和极早产儿组,分别比较2个亚组上述小脑检测结果的差异。统计学方法采用t检验。结果校正胎龄40周时,超早产儿组和极早产儿组小脑横径均小于足月儿组,差异均有统计学意义[(4.05±0.41)、(4.29±0.35)与(4.45±0.31)cm,t=3.647、2.107,P值均<0.05]。超早产儿组和极早产儿组小脑蚓部高度均大于足月儿组,但差异均无统计学意义(P值均>0.05)。超早产儿组小脑横径小于极早产儿组,差异有统计学意义(t=-2.320,P<0.05)。超早产儿组小脑蚓部高度小于极早产儿组,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。对小脑横径进行头围校正,早产儿组校正后小脑横径为(4.27±0.44)cm,小于足月儿组横径(4.44±0.34)cm,差异有统计学意义(t=2.167,P<0.05)。未发现早产儿小脑横径和小脑蚓部高度与其出生前或出生后的临床因素有相关性。结论胎龄<32周的VLBW早产儿发育至校正胎龄40周时,存在小脑外侧区结构发育迟缓可能,中线区结构可发育维持在正常水平,且超早产儿的发育迟缓的情况可能更为明显。Objective To examine and evaluate cerebellum development in very low birth weight(VLBW)preterm infants at 40 weeks of corrected gestational age by cranial ultrasound.Method Fiftyeight VLBW premature infants with gestational age less than 32 weeks constituted the premature infant group and were examined by cranial ultrasound at 40 weeks of corrected gestational age.Forty-eight full-term infants at 40 weeks of gestational age constituted the full-term infant group and were examined by cranial ultrasound at the day of birth.The difference between the two groups for transverse cerebellar diameter and cerebellar vermis height were compared.Premature infants group was divided into extremely premature infants group and very premature infants group according to gestational age,19 extremely premature infants with gestational age of less than 28 weeks and 39 very premature infants with gestational age of greater than or equal to 28 weeks.The above cerebellar indicators were compared between the two subgroups.Statistical analysis was performed by t test.Result At 40 weeks of correct gestational age,the transverse cerebellar diameters in the extremely premature infants group and very premature infants group were smaller than that in the full-term infants group,the differences were statistically significant[(4.05±0.41),(4.29±0.35)vs(4.45±0.31)cm,t=3.647,2.107,all P<0.05].The cerebellar vermis heights in the extremely premature infants group and very premature infants group were higher than that in the full-term infants group,but there was no statistically significant difference(all P>0.05).The transverse cerebellar diameter in the extremely premature infants group was smaller than that in the very premature infants group,the difference was statistically significant(t=-2.320,P<0.05).The cerebellar vermis height in the extremely premature infants group was smaller than that in the very premature infants group,but there was no statistically significant difference(P>0.05).To correct the transverse cerebellar diameter by head c

关 键 词：小脑 颅脑超声 早产儿 胎龄 小脑横径 小脑蚓部高度 

分 类 号：R174[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]