抗旱王牛和西门塔尔杂交牛屠宰性能及肉品质研究  

Study on carcass quality and meat traits of Droughtmaster and Simmental crossbred

作　　者：陈静[1] 何玮[1] 何德超[1] 蒋安[1] CHEN Jing;HE Wei;HE Dechao;JIANG An(Chongqing Academy of Animal Sciences,Chongqing 400015,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆市畜牧科学院/重庆市草业工程技术研究中心,重庆400015

出　　处：《中国饲料》2022年第7期19-22,共4页China Feed

基　　金：“国家牧草产业技术体系”(CARS-34);重庆市现代山地特色高效农业产业技术体系创新团队“草食牲畜产业体系创新团队”;财政专项资金项目“西南丘陵山区优质肉牛高效安全养殖技术应用与示范”。

摘　　要：本试验选择2岁的健康抗旱王牛、西杂牛公牛各3头,屠宰后进行屠宰性能和肉品质研究。结果表明:(1)抗旱王牛和西杂牛的活重分别为(939.41±18.52)kg和(723.67±10.97)kg,胴体质量分别为(569.67±9.50)kg和(412.67±7.51)kg,抗旱王牛的活重和酮体性能各指标除骨重外均极显著高于西杂牛(P<0.01),两种牛的骨重差异不显著(P>0.05)。抗旱王牛的胴体高档优质肉性能指标除西冷外均极显著高于西杂牛(P<0.01),抗旱王牛和西杂牛的西冷分别为(20.58±1.21)kg和(16.92±1.74)kg,差异显著(0.01<P<0.05)。(2)两种牛的肉色、脂肪颜色和嫩度差异不显著(P>0.05)。(3)抗旱王牛和西杂牛的滴水损失分别为0.48%和1.12%,差异极显著(P<0.01),抗旱王牛和西杂牛的熟肉率分别为78.63%和73.54%,差异显著(0.01<P<0.05)。(4)抗旱王牛的大理石花纹显著低于西杂牛(0.01<P<0.05)。综上,抗旱王牛屠宰性能、肉用性能和肌肉的系水力比西杂牛好,抗旱王牛是优质的瘦肉型肉牛。Three 2-year-old bulls were randomly selected from Droughtmaster,Simmental crossbred each,and their carcass quality and meat traits were investigated after slaughtering. The results showed that:(1)Live weight of Droughtmaster and Simmental crossbred were(939.41±18.52)kg and(723.67±10.97)kg respectively,carcass weight of them were(569.67±9.50)kg and(412.67±7.51)kg respectively.The indexes of live weight and carcass quality of Droughtmaster,except bone weight,were very significantly higher than those of Simmental crossbred(P < 0.01),and bone weights of the two cattles were no significant differences(P > 0.05).The indexes of high-quality meat of Droughtmaster,except sirloin,were very significantly higher than those of Simmental crossbred(P < 0.01). The sirloin of Droughtmaster and Simmental crossbred were(20.58±1.21)kg and(16.92±1.74)kg respectively,the difference was significant(0.01 < P < 0.05).(2)The meat color,fat color and tenderness of the two cattle were not significantly different(P > 0.05).(3)The drip water loss of Droughtmaster and Simmental crossbred were 0.48% and 1.12% respectively,the difference was very significant(P < 0.01). The cooking loss of Droughtmaster and Simmental crossbred were 78.63% and 73.54% respectively,the difference was significant(0.01 < P < 0.05).(4)The marbling of Droughtmaster was significantly lower than that of Simmental crossbred(0.01 < P < 0.05). Thus,carcass quality and meat traits of Droughtmaster were better than those of Simmental crossbred,the water holding capacity of Droughtmaster’s muscles were better than that of Simmental crossbred too,Droughtmaster was high quality lean beef cattle.

关 键 词：抗旱王牛 西杂牛 屠宰性能 肉品质 

分 类 号：S813[农业科学—畜牧学]