固体物理教学中电子态密度的计算  

Calculation of states density in solid state physics

作　　者：杜林 田宏玉 任重丹 DU Lin;TIAN Hong-yu;REN Chong-dan(School of Physics and Electronic Engineering,Linyi University,Linyi,Shandong 276005,China;Department of Physics,Zunyi Normal College,Zunyi,Guizhou 563002,China)

机构地区：[1]临沂大学物理与电子工程学院,山东临沂276005 [2]遵义师范学院物理与电子科学学院,贵州遵义563006

出　　处：《大学物理》2022年第4期77-80,共4页College Physics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(11864047);山东省自然科学基金(ZR2019MA030)资助

摘　　要：电子态密度是指单位能量范围内的状态数,是与电子能带结构密切相关的一个物理量.为了计算电子的比热和晶体的输运性质,必须用较精确的方法计算出晶体的电子态密度.大多数教材中对该部分的处理通常采用简化模型,并不能反映一般情况下态密度的计算思路.本文从电子态密度的公式出发,详细说明了二维石墨烯和三维面心立方晶格态密度的计算步骤,并且对其中细节给出了基于数值计算的详细解释.The electronic density of states is the number of states in the unit energy range.It is a physical quantity closely related to electronic energy band structure.In order to calculate the specific heat of electrons and the transport properties of crystals, a more accurate method must be used to calculate the electronic density of states.The processing of this in general textbooks usually adopts simplified models, which does not reflect the calculation ideas of states density in general.In this article, two-dimensional graphene and three-dimensional face-centered cubic lattice are explained in detail based on the formula of electronic density of states.The calculation steps of the density and a detailed explanation based on numerical calculation are given.

关 键 词：电子态密度 等能面 能带结构 

分 类 号：O481.1[理学—固体物理]