土壤有效锰含量与大白菜干烧心病发生关系及抗病品种筛选  

Relationship between Soil Available Manganese Content and Occurrence of Tipburn Disease in Chinese Cabbage and Screening of Disease Resistant Varieties

作　　者：张烨[1,2] 许睿智 周丹丹 卢玲 臧传江 李化银 李景娟[1] 高建伟[1] Zhang Ye;Xu Ruizhi;Zhou Dandan;Lu Ling;Zang Chuanjiang;Li Huayin;Li Jingjuan;Gao Jianwei(Institute of Vegetables,Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Jinan250100,China;College of Life and Environment Sciences,Huangshan University,Huangshan245021,China;Agricultural and Sideline Fishery Development Center of Qihe County,Qihe253000,China)

机构地区：[1]山东省农业科学院蔬菜研究所,山东济南250100 [2]黄山学院生命与环境科学学院,安徽黄山245021 [3]齐河县农副渔业发展中心,山东齐河253000

出　　处：《山东农业科学》2022年第3期119-125,共7页Shandong Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：山东省重点研发计划项目(2019GHZ014,2019BHLC005);山东省蔬菜产业技术体系遗传育种岗位项目(SDAIT-02-022-04);山东省农业科学院农业科技创新工程项目(CXGC2021A10);黄山学院校级人才启动项目(2019xkjq011);安徽省高校自然科学研究一般项目(KJHS2020B04)。

摘　　要：2017年秋天,山东省惠民县个别地区大白菜干烧心病发生严重,为探析其发病原因,我们采用五点取样法,从干烧心发病严重与未发病地块各3处进行取样,对土壤中全氮、速效钾、有效钙、有效锰、有效镁和有效锌进行测定。结果表明,两种类型土壤中全氮含量差异未达到显著水平;速效钾、有效钙、有效镁和有效锌的含量虽存在不同程度差异,但不是大白菜干烧心病发生的诱因;有效锰含量在未发病地块中为3.34~4.41mg/kg,而在发病地块中为2.52~2.78mg/kg,与大白菜干烧心病发生呈显著相关。水培试验结果表明,缺锰会导致大白菜叶片表面呈现出黄色病斑,随着缺锰时间的延长,病斑变大并连接成片。在惠民县干烧心病发生严重地块种植68个大白菜品种,筛选出8个抗病品种,在该地区推广种植这些抗病品种,可以有效降低干烧心病的发生,这对提高大白菜产量和品质、增加农户收入具有重要意义。In the autumn of 2017,tipburn of Chinese cabbage struck in some areas of Huimin County,Shandong Province.In order to explore the causes of this disease,we selected three plots with severe tipburn symptoms and three unharmed,and collected samples using five-point sampling method.The contents of total nitrogen,available potassium,available calcium,available manganese,available magnesium and available zinc in soil were determined.The results showed that the difference of total nitrogen content did not reach significant level between the two types of soil.Although the contents of available potassium,available calcium,available magnesium and available zinc were different,they were not the causation of tipburn.The available manganese content in non-diseased plots were 3.34~4.41 mg/kg,while that was was 2.52~2.78 mg/kg in diseased plots,which indicated that the available manganese content in soil was significantly related to the occurrence of tipburn in Chinese cabbage.The hydroponic experiment results showed that yellow disease spots appeared on the leaf surface of Chinese cabbage caused by manganese deficiency,and then became larger and joined together with manganese deficiency lasting.The results of resistance test showed that eight resistant varieties were screened out from 68 Chinese cabbage varieties.Planting these resistant varieties in this area could effectively reduce the occurrence of tipburn disease,which were of great significance to improve the yield and quality of Chinese cabbage and increase the income of farmers.

关 键 词：大白菜 干烧心病 土壤有效锰含量 抗病品种筛选 

分 类 号：S436.341.14[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]