海洋天然气水合物综合地球物理识别方法评述  

Review on comprehensive geophysical identification methods of marine natural gas hydrate

作　　者：雷亚妮[1] 吴时国 孙金 王广建[1] LEI Yani;WU Shiguo;SUN Jin;WANG Guangjian(Department of Chemical Engineering,Qingdao University of Science and Technology,Qingdao 266061,China;Laboratory of Marine Geophysics and Georesource,Institute of Deep-sea Science and Engineering,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Sanya 572000,China;Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Zhuhai),Zhuhai 519080,China)

机构地区：[1]青岛科技大学化工学院,山东青岛266061 [2]中国科学院深海科学与工程研究所海南省海底资源与探测技术重点实验室,海南三亚572000 [3]南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室(珠海),广东珠海519080

出　　处：《中南大学学报（自然科学版）》2022年第3期864-878,共15页Journal of Central South University:Science and Technology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2019YFC0312301);海南省重大科技计划项目(ZDKJ202019);三亚崖州湾科技城项目(SKJC-2020-01-009)。

摘　　要：海洋天然气水合物资源量丰富,具有很大的开发潜力,而如何精准识别水合物是开展勘探和开采面临的首要问题。本文首先总结了基于地震和测井资料等地球物理手段的天然气水合物定性识别和定量评价技术,详细阐述了水合物底界的似海底反射特征,剖析水合物储层典型地震属性和测井响应特征;其次,对基于地震反演的水合物定量评价方法进行阐述,对比时间平均方程、WOOD方程、LEE权重方程、改进的BIOT-GASSMANN方程和等效介质模型等不同岩石物理模型在水合物饱和度预测中的适用性;第三,对电磁探测技术和分布式声传感技术等新型地球物理探测技术进行介绍;最后,展望天然气水合物地球物理识别技术发展前景,提出水合物定量评价是未来水合物地球物理识别的发展趋势,建议综合利用水合物成藏条件分析、多地震敏感属性分析以及地震反演和测井评价实现水合物储层识别和精细刻画。Marine natural gas hydrate resources are very rich and have great development potential.How to accurately identifiy natural gas hydrate is the primary issue in the exploration and exploitation.Firstly,the qualitative identification and quantitative evaluation technology of natural gas hydrates were summarized based on seismic and logging data.The bottom simulating reflectors of the bottom of natural gas hydrate layer was illustrated.The typical seismic attributes and logging characteristics of natural gas hydrate reservoirs were analyzed.Secondly,the quantitative evaluation methods of natural gas hydrate based on seismic inversion were introduced.The applications of several different petrophysical models in natural gas hydrate saturation prediction were analyzed,such as time-average equation,WOOD equation,LEE’s equation,improved BIOT-GASSMANN equation and equivalent medium model.Thirdly,new geophysical detection technologies,such as electromagnetic detection technology and distributed acoustic sensing technology were introduced briefly.Finally,the possible development direction of natural gas hydrate geophysical identification was proposed.The quantitative evaluation of natural gas hydrate is considered as the future research area.It is recommended to comprehensively use natural gas hydrate accumulation condition analysis,multi-seismic sensitivity attribute analysis,seismic inversion and logging evaluation for the geophysical identification of natural gas hydrates.

关 键 词：天然气水合物 地球物理识别 岩石物理模型 水合物饱和度 

分 类 号：TE122[石油与天然气工程—油气勘探]