蕾期低温胁迫对棉花生长发育的影响  

Effect of Low Temperature Stress in Bud Stage on Cotton Growth and Development

作　　者：钟信念 梁其干 徐建伟[1] 徐蒙可 唐铠秀 李志博[1] ZHONG Xinnian;LIANG Qigan;XU Jianwei;XU Mengke;TANG Kaixiu;LI Zhibo(Key Laboratory of Oasis Eco-Agriculture of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps / College of Agronomy, Shihezi University, Shihezi Xinjiang 832003, China)

机构地区：[1]石河子大学农学院/新疆兵团绿洲生态农业重点实验室,新疆石河子832003

出　　处：《新疆农业科学》2022年第3期551-557,共7页Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31560074);石河子大学动植物培育专项(YZZX201602);棉花生物学国家重点实验室开放课题(CB2021A09);八师石河子市中青年科技创新领军人才计划项目(2020RC06);新疆生产建设兵团绿洲生态农业重点实验室开放课题(201902)。

摘　　要：【目的】研究蕾期低温胁迫对棉花生长发育的影响,为新疆北疆早熟陆地棉大田种植耐低温种质资源的筛选和耐低温品种选育提供依据。【方法】选择新陆早61号、新陆早36号、新陆早10号为材料,对材料蕾期给予3个低温梯度:轻度低温T1(20/15℃,昼/夜)、中度低温T_(2)(15/10℃)、重度低温T_(3)(10/5℃)和对照CK(28/20℃)处理,选择不同低温值及低温持续的时间对不同年代的北疆主栽棉花品种蕾期生长发育的影响。【结果】蕾期棉花在重度低温胁迫条件下处理15 d后,植株各项生理指标均显著低于轻度和中度,胁迫温度越低,对蕾期棉花生长的抑制作用越明显,且相同低温度值处理下,低温处理的时间持续越长,对蕾期棉花生长的抑制作用越明显。【结论】当低温胁迫温度低于15℃时新陆早36号相比于新陆早61号和新陆早10号耐寒性更好,新陆早36号表现出更稳定的耐低温性。【Objective】To explore the influence of low temperature stress on the growth and development of cotton at bud stage,so as to provide cold-resistant experience for the field planting of early maturing upland cotton in northern Xinjiang,and provide resource guarantee and theory for the screening of low-temperature resistant germplasm resources and the breeding of low-temperature resistant varieties.【Methods】Three stages of experimental materials:low temperature gradient or mild hypothermia T_(1)(20℃/15℃,day/night),medium low temperature T_(2)(15℃/10℃),severe low temperature T_(3)(10℃/5℃)and contrast CK(28℃/20℃)were given to study the effects of different low temperature and low temperature cold-resistance on the growth and development of northern Xinjiang cotton varieties of different years:Xinluzao 61,Xinluzao 36 and Xinluzao 10.【Results】After 15 d of bud cotton treated under severe low temperature stress,all physiological indicators of the plant were significantly lower than those of mild and moderate temperature stresses,indicating that the lower the stress temperature,the more obvious the inhibitory effect on the growth of the bud cotton.Under the same low temperature treatment,the longer the low temperature treatment lasted,the more obvious the inhibitory effect on the growth of bud cotton.【Conclusion】When the low stress temperature is lower than 15℃,the cold resistance of Xinluzao 36 is better than that of Xinluzao 61 and Xinluzao 10.Xinluzao 36 shows more stable crytemperature resistance may be enhanced by inhibiting plant reproductive growth.

关 键 词：棉花 低温胁迫 蕾期 生长发育 耐寒性 

分 类 号：S562[农业科学—作物学]