苹果树腐烂病病原种类及其亲缘关系分析  

Analysis of Pathogen Species and Their Genetic Relationship of Apple Tree canker

作　　者：李亚鹏[1] 张王斌[1,2] 仪子博 LI Yapeng;ZHANG Wangbin;YI Zibo(College of Plant Science,Tarim University,Aral Xinjiang 843300,China;Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Agricultural Pests in Southern Xinjiang,Tarim University,Aral Xinjiang 843300,China)

机构地区：[1]塔里木大学植物科学学院,新疆阿拉尔843300 [2]塔里木大学南疆农业有害生物综合治理重点实验室,新疆阿拉尔843300

出　　处：《新疆农业科学》2022年第3期700-706,共7页Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金“新疆枣园林果树木腐烂病菌遗传多样性及致病力分化研究”(31660034)。

摘　　要：【目的】研究苹果树腐烂病菌的种类及其亲缘关系,为有效防治苹果树腐烂病提供理论依据。【方法】以阿克苏地区不同区域苹果树腐烂病病样为材料,采用常规组织分离法和枝条烫伤接种法分离和鉴定菌株,记录形态学特征和发病情况;利用分子生物学方法获得β-tubulin与EF1-α序列,在NCBI网站对比分析Blast同源性,采用邻接法构建系统发育树分析同源性。【结果】菌丝生长最适温度20~30℃,最适pH值为5~6,最适碳氮源分别是葡萄糖和蛋白胨;共分离出11个菌株,将菌株接种到健康苹果枝条上均可发病且能分离出相同的菌株,各菌株分别与Valsa mali和Valsa ceratosperma具有较近的亲缘关系。【结论】阿克苏地区苹果树腐烂病菌为黑腐皮壳属V.mali(无性型C.mali)和V.ceratosperma(无性型C.sacculus),其中V.mali为阿克苏地区的主要致病种,在PDA上存在不同类型的培养性状。【Objective】Based on the observation of the characteristics of pathogen culture,combined with molecular biology technology,to determine the species and related relationship of apple tree rot fungus in Aksu area in the hope of providing theoretical basis for effective control of apple canker.【Methods】The pure culture of Apple Tree Valsa Canker was obtained by Koch's Rule.The morphology and culture characters were observed and recorded.The DNA of the strain was extracted by improved CTAB method and then sequenced.After sequencing,the blast homology was compared and analyzed on NCBI website.Then theβ-tubulin and EF1-αsequences were analyzed by adjacency method and after that,phylogenetic tree was constructed.【Results】The optimum temperature for mycelium growth was 20-30℃,the optimum PH value was 5-6,and the optimum carbon and nitrogen sources were glucose and peptone;A total of 11 strains were isolated.The strain could be inoculated on healthy apple branches and the same strains could be isolated.It turned out that each strain was closely related to Valsa Mali,Valsa ceratosperma.【Conclusion】The apple tree rotting bacteria in Aksu area are V.Mali(asexual C.Mali)and V.ceratosperma(asexual C.sacculus),among which,V.Mali is the main pathogenic species.There are different types of culture characters on PDA.

关 键 词：苹果树 腐烂病菌 Β-TUBULIN EF1-α 培养性状 

分 类 号：S436.611[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]