竹炭和竹炭包膜复合肥对毛竹林土壤磷有效性的影响及其微生物学机理  

Microbial mechanisms responsible for the effects of bamboo biochar and biochar-coated compound fertilizer on soil phosphorus availability in a Moso bamboo forest soil

作　　者：朱青和 马壮 裘立 董达 ZHU Qin-he;MA Zhuang;QIU Li;DONG Da(College of Environmental and Resource Sciences,Zhejiang A&F University,Hangzhou,Zhejiang 311300,China;Zhejiang Chuanchao Environmental Protection Technology Co.,Ltd,Hangzhou,Zhejiang 311122,China;Zhejiang Yuhe Xiangyue Agricultural Development Co.,Ltd,Hangzhou,Zhejiang 311300,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江农林大学环境与资源学院,浙江杭州311300 [2]浙江传超环保科技有限公司,浙江杭州311122 [3]浙江玉禾相约农业开发有限公司,浙江杭州311300

出　　处：《植物营养与肥料学报》2022年第3期450-459,共10页Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41601234);国家级大学生创新创业训练计划项目(202010341012)。

摘　　要：【目的】从土壤理化性状和微生物多样性角度,研究将竹炭和复合肥制备成竹炭包膜复合肥后对毛竹林土壤磷素有效性的影响,分析竹炭简化施用的可行性。【方法】野外林地试验在浙江杭州红黄壤上进行,设置单施复合肥(CK)、竹炭包膜复合肥(BF)和复合肥+竹炭(SC)3个处理。在施肥后的第30和100天,测定土壤pH、容重、总碳、总氮、总磷和有效磷含量。采用Miseq和宏基因组技术,测定土壤中具有碱性磷酸酶基因(phoD)的功能菌群落结构和磷循环功能基因的相对丰度。【结果】与CK相比,SC处理显著提高了土壤pH值和有效磷含量,降低了土壤容重,而将竹炭与复合肥制备成竹炭包膜复合肥后对土壤理化性质没有显著影响。SC和BF处理均改变了土壤中phoD功能菌的群落结构。RDA分析表明,pH是土壤phoD功能菌的重要驱动因素。宏基因组分析表明,SC处理显著提高土壤三磷酸甘油脱氢酶单元(ugpAEC)、C-P键裂解酶(phnGHIJL)、有机磷酸盐特异转运蛋白(phnCD)、无机磷酸盐特异转运蛋白(pstCAB)和碱性磷酸酶(phoA和phoD)基因的相对丰度(P<0.05)。但是,BF处理仅显著增加了ugpE、pstA和phoD基因的相对丰度。【结论】复合肥和竹炭同时施用有助于提高毛竹林土壤磷素有效性,改变土壤phoD功能菌群落结构,促进土壤磷素循环功能基因的相对丰度。但是,将竹炭作为包膜材料制备成竹炭包膜复合肥施入土壤后,其效应不再显著。这主要是由于土壤磷素有效性和phoD功能基因表达由pH驱动,而竹炭的添加可提高土壤pH值。【Objectives】From the perspective of soil properties and microbial diversity,the effect of bamboobiochar-coated compound fertilizer and bamboo-biochar on availability of soil phosphorus in Moso bamboo forest was studied,to guide the choice of suitable method for bamboo-biochar application.【Methods】A field experiment was conducted in the red-yellow soil in Hangzhou,Zhejiang Province.The three treatments included compound fertilizer alone(CK),biochar-coated compound fertilizer(BF),and applying biochar and compound fertilizer at the same time(SC).The soil pH,bulk density,total C,total N,total P,and available P were measured at 30 and 100 days after fertilizer application,respectively.In addition,Miseq and metagenomic sequencing were performed to investigate the phoD microbial community structure and quantify the abundance of phosphorus-cycling functional genes.【Results】Compared with CK,SC treatment significantly increased soil pH and available P content,decreased soil bulk density(P<0.05).Both SC and BF treatments altered the phoD microbial community structure.RDA analysis showed that soil pH was an important driving factor influencing soil phoD functional bacteria in Moso bamboo forest.Metagenomic analysis revealed that SC treatment markedly increased the relative abundance of glycerol-3-phosphate transporter subunit(ugpAEC),C-P lyase subunit(phnGHIJL),phosphonate transporter subunit(phnCD),phosphate transport system(pstCAB)and alkaline phosphatase(phoA and phoD)genes.However,BF treatment only increased the relative abundance of ugpE,pstA and phoD genes.【Conclusions】Bamboo charcoal amendment improved the availability of soil phosphorus,led to a shift in the phoD microbial community,and increased the abundance of soil phosphorus cycling functional genes,while bamboo charcoal lost these effects when used as coating material of slowly released fertilizer.The beneficial effect of P availability and the increased expression of phoD gene were driven by soil pH,and these were especially enhanced by bamboo c

关 键 词：竹炭 包膜复合肥 毛竹林 磷循环微生物 

分 类 号：S714[农业科学—林学]