美国“无窗教室”中小学校的设计发展变化  

Changes in the Design of"Windowless Classroom"of Primary and Secondary Schools in the United States

作　　者：刘佳男 Liu Jia'nan

机构地区：[1]华南理工大学建筑学院

出　　处：《华中建筑》2022年第4期127-131,共5页Huazhong Architecture

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(编号:51478186、51978269)。

摘　　要：作为《外国近现代建筑史》中唯独被提及的两个现代学校建筑设计体系之一,美国“学校建设系统发展”SCSD体系创设出了“无窗教室”的中小学校建筑形式,其仅采用人工照明进行教室光环境设计的做法在20世纪60年代的美国风靡一时,到70年代后又因为社会在环境健康与建筑能耗问题上态度的改变而逐渐走向衰落。在今天国内出现越来越多的依赖人工照明设备进行学校光环境设计的情况下,对这一特殊教育空间形式设计发展过程进行讨论,希望引起人们对学校光环境问题的关注。As one of the only two modern school building design systems mentioned in History of Foreign Modern Architecture,the SCSD project in the United States created the"windowless classroom"as a form of primary and secondary school architecture,which only using of artificial lighting for classroom light environment design was popular in the 1960s,but gradually declined after the 1970s due to changes in social attitudes on building energy consumption and environmental health issues.With the increasing reliance on artificial lighting for the design of primary and secondary school light environments in China today,we discuss the design development of this special education space form,we hope to draw attention to the issue of school light environments.

关 键 词：中小学校建筑 无窗教室 人工照明 光环境健康 

分 类 号：TU113[建筑科学—建筑理论]