韶关市花岗岩地区森林土壤重金属污染评价  

Evaluation of Heavy Metal Pollution in Woodland Soil of Granite Area in Shaoguan City

作　　者：余斐 叶彩红 许窕孜 张中瑞 朱航勇 张耕 华雷 邓鉴锋 丁晓纲[1] YU Fei;YE Caihong;XU Tiaozi;ZHANG Zhongrui;ZHU Hangyong;ZHANG Geng;HUA Lei;DENG Jianfeng;DING Xiaogang(Guangdong Academy of Forestry/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Silviculture,Protection and Utilization,Guangzhou,510520,P.R.China;South China Agricultural University,School of Forestry and Landscape Architecture,Guangzhou,510642,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]广东省林业科学研究院/广东省森林培育与保护利用重点实验室,广东广州510520 [2]华南农业大学林学与风景园林学院,广东广州510642

出　　处：《生态环境学报》2022年第2期354-362,共9页Ecology and Environmental Sciences

基　　金：广东省省级财政专项资金“林地土壤调查”(2020年—2022年);广东省林业科技计划项目(2019-07);广东省省级生态公益林效益补偿资金省统筹经费项目(2021年)。

摘　　要：探究韶关市花岗岩地区森林土壤重金属的含量分布特征并对其污染程度进行评价,探讨花岗岩地区森林土壤重金属含量的主要影响因素。以韶关市花岗岩地区森林土壤为研究对象,测定223个样地的铬、铜、铅、汞4种重金属元素含量,利用单项、内梅罗综合污染指数法和潜在生态风险指数法对研究区森林土壤重金属的污染程度和潜在生态风险进行评价,利用非参数单样本检验分析和相关性分析找出主要影响因素。4种元素的单项污染指数均小于1,污染等级为非污染;内梅罗综合污染指数小于0.7,污染等级为清洁;综合潜在生态风险指数小于150,潜在生态风险等级为轻微。森林土壤重金属受母质层(80—100 cm)、土壤养分这两种因素的影响,尤其受土壤养分影响最为显著。土壤有机碳可络合重金属,全氮、全磷会影响植被生长,植被通过吸附土壤中的重金属,从而影响森林土壤中重金属的含量。其次,土壤母质层也会影响森林土壤重金属的含量,尤其是铬、汞元素,受成土母质控制。该研究为花岗岩区森林土壤重金属含量分布特征及污染评价方法奠定了基础,也为花岗岩区森林土壤污染防控和区域生态安全保护提供了建议和意见。The study aimed to explore the distribution characteristics and main influencing factors of heavy metal content and evaluate the pollution levels in woodland soils in granite areas of south China.The contents of Cr,Cu,Pb and Hg in 223 sample plots were determined in the granite woodland soils of Shaoguan City.The degree of pollution and potential ecological risks of heavy metals in the woodland soils of the study area were evaluated by the individual pollution index,the Nemero comprehensive pollution index,and the potential ecological risk index.Non-parametric single sample test analysis and correlation analysis were used to find the main influencing factors.Individual pollution indices of the four elements were all less than 1,and the pollution level was non-pollution.The Nemero comprehensive pollution index was less than 0.7,and the pollution level was clean.The comprehensive potential ecological risk index was less than 150,and the level of potential ecological risk was slight.Heavy metals in woodland soils were affected by the parent material layer(80-100 cm)and soil nutrients,especially the latter one.Soil nutrients had a significant effect on the content of heavy metals in woodland soils.Soil organic carbon could chelate heavy metals.Moreover,total nitrogen and total phosphorus could affect the growth of vegetation,which could further affect metals in woodland soil,particularly Cr and Hg,which were controlled by the parent material.This study laid a foundation for examining the distribution characteristics of the contents of heavy metals and developing evaluation approaches for heavy metal pollution and provided suggestions for the prevention and control of woodland soil pollution to improve regional ecological security.

关 键 词：花岗岩 森林土壤 重金属 污染评价 土壤养分 母质层土壤 表层土壤 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]