覆土厚度对城市园林植物生长的影响分析  

On the Influence of Soil Thickness on the Growth of Urban Garden Plants

作　　者：郭利娜 姬鹏 孙宏彦 石生伟 谢军飞 GUO Lina;JI Peng;SUN Hongyan;SHI Shengwei;XIE Junfei

机构地区：[1]北京农学院,北京100096 [2]中国林业科学研究院,北京100096 [3]北京市林业工作总站,北京100029 [4]北京市园林绿化科学研究院/绿化植物育种北京市重点实验室 [5]华北现代都市农业重点实验室 [6]北京市园林绿化科学研究院/园林绿地生态功能评价与调控技术北京市重点实验室

出　　处：《中国园林》2022年第3期112-117,共6页Chinese Landscape Architecture

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目“园林植物源挥发性有机化合物排放清单量值及其动态变化研究——以北京为例”(编号31770751);北京市园林绿化局科技项目“北京城市绿地地下空间开发对园林植物的影响研究”(编号201906);国家科技支撑计划课题“低碳宜居型建筑室外绿地建设技术研究”(编号2013BAJ02B01)共同资助。

摘　　要：城市绿地地下空间开发对解决城市建设与绿化用地之间的矛盾至关重要,覆土厚度作为其重要参数指标,对园林植物生长和工程建设成本具有重要的影响。通过不同覆土厚度(0.5、1.0、1.5m)处理与地面对照下北京城市5种常见园林植物地上部及其根系生长的多年监测与分析发现以下几方面。1)与地面对照相比,0.5m覆土处理与1.0m覆土处理明显限制了速生树种洋白蜡的地上部生长;但各覆土处理未明显限制生长速率较慢的油松和紫薇的生长;而0.5m覆土处理明显限制了灌木类(大叶黄杨与金银木)的地上部生长。2)植物生长5年后,所有覆土处理中的植物根系均已到达种植池底部,且0.5m覆土处理的粗根分布密度明显高过其他处理,表现出一定程度的根系相互压迫与横向生长现象。乔木根系生长随着覆土年限的推移将会受到不利影响。The underground space development of urban green space is crucial to solve the contradiction between urban construction and green land.As an important parameter indicator,soil thickness has an important infuence on the growth of landscape plants and the construction cost.Through years of monitoring and analysis of aboveground and root growth of five common garden plants in Beijing under different soil thickness(0.5m,1.0m,and 1.5m)and ground control,it was found that:1)Compared with the ground control,the 0.5m soil thickness treatment and the 1.0m soil thickness treatment significantly restricted the aboveground growth of the Fraxinus pennsylvanica,a fast-growing species;but soil thickness treatments did not significantly restrict the growth of Pinus tabuliformis and Lagerstroemia indica,the species with slower growth rate;moreover,the 0.5m soil thickness treatment has obviously limited the aboveground growth of shrubs such as Buxus megistophylla and Lonicera maackii.2)After 5 years of plant growth,the roots of plants in all treatments and ground control reached the bottom of the planting pond.The distribution density of coarse roots in the 0.5m soil thickness treatment is signifcantly higher than that of other treatments,showing a certain degree of root mutual compression and lateral growth.The root growth of trees will be affected as the years.

关 键 词：风景园林 覆土厚度 园林植物 地上部生长 根系 北京 

分 类 号：TU986[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]