刑期折抵中“先行羁押”的分析与思考  

Analyses and Thoughts of "Prior Custody" in Offsetting a Prison Term

作　　者：叶青 Ye Qing(Chongqing Municipal People's Procuratorate,Chongqing 401120,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆市人民检察院第一分院,重庆401120

出　　处：《贵州警察学院学报》2021年第6期55-63,共9页Journal of Guizhou Police College

摘　　要：刑期折抵是一项重要的刑罚裁量制度,对维护被告人身自由权具有积极意义,法律规定适用刑期折抵须存在"先行羁押"这一前提,先行羁押是可以折抵刑罚的各种限制或剥夺人身自由的强制措施的统称。基于对"先行羁押"概念的不同理解,在判定能否折抵刑期时存在一定的自由裁量空间,这就导致司法实践中刑期折抵的适用实际变成了法定适用和酌定适用并存的局面,酌定适用所带来的折抵范围的过度扩张不符合立法本意和刑期折抵制度的内在价值,引发诸多矛盾与困惑。依法合理定义"先行羁押"的首要原则应当是于法有据,在界定方法上则依诉讼程序关联性和案件事实关联性作具体分析。Offsetting a prison term is an important adjudication system of punishment with positive significance in protecting the defendant’s personal liberty.In accordance with the law,the application of offsetting a prison term shall be based on the premise of "prior custody",which is a general term for all kinds of compulsory measures taken to restrict or deprive a person’s liberty and can offset a prison term.Due to different understanding of the concept of prior custody,there exists a judicial discretion space in judging whether a prison term can be offset.As a result,the application of offsetting a prison term in judicial practice has actually caused the coexistence of statutory application and discretionary application,and the excessively expanded scope of offsetting brought about by discretionary application does not comply with the legislative intention and intrinsic value of the system of offsetting a prison term,and consequently causing a lot of contradictions and confusion.The primary principle to reasonably define "prior custody" in accordance with the law shall be based on legal stipulations,and in terms of the methods applied to determine "prior custody",specific analyses should be made according to the relevance of litigation procedure and the relevance of case facts.

关 键 词：刑期折抵 先行羁押 刑罚裁量 

分 类 号：D924.1[政治法律—刑法学]