黔西南泥堡—包谷地卡林型金矿田热液矿物地球化学特征及其地质意义  

Geological and geochemical significance of hydrothermal minerals from Nibao—Baogudi Carlin-type gold orefield in Southwestern Guizhou

作　　者：李松涛 刘建中 夏勇[5] 王泽鹏[3,6] 谢卓君 谭亲平[5] 周光红[1,2] 张兵强 谭礼金 蒙明华 郑禄林 LI Songtao;LIU Jianzhong;XIA Yong;WANG Zepeng;XIE Zhuojun;TAN Qinping;ZHOU Guanghong;ZHANG Bingqiang;TAN Lijin;MENG Minghua;ZHENG Lulin(School of Geography and Resources,Guizhou Education University,Guiyang,550018;Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Geographic State Monitoring of Watershed,Guizhou Education University,Guiyang,550018;Technology Innovation Center of Mineral Resources Explorations in Bedrock Zones,Ministry of Natural Resources,Guiyang,550081;Bureau of Geology and Mineral Exploration and Development Guizhou Province,Guiyang,550004;State Key Laboratory of Ore Deposit Geochemistry,Institute of Geochemistry,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guiyang,550081;6105 Geological Team,Guizhou Geology and Mineral Bureau,Guiyang,550018;College of Mining,Guizhou University,Guiyang,550025)

机构地区：[1]贵州师范学院地理与资源学院,贵阳550018 [2]贵州师范学院贵州省流域地理国情监测重点实验室,贵阳550018 [3]自然资源部基岩区矿产资源勘查工程技术创新中心,贵阳550081 [4]贵州省地质矿产勘查开发局,贵阳550004 [5]中国科学院地球化学研究所矿床地球化学国家重点实验室,贵阳550081 [6]贵州省地质矿产勘查开发局105地质大队,贵阳550018 [7]贵州大学矿业学院,贵阳550025

出　　处：《地质论评》2022年第2期551-570,共20页Geological Review

基　　金：贵州省普通高等学校青年科技人才成长项目(编号:黔教合KY字[2022]294号);贵州省科学技术基金资助项目(编号:黔科合基础-ZK[2021]一般203);贵州省科技创新人才团队建设项目(编号:黔科合平台人才-CXTD[2021]007);贵州省科技厅项目(编号:黔科合平台人才[2018]5778-04);国家自然科学基金资助项目(编号:U1812402、41802027、41962008)的成果。

摘　　要：黔西南泥堡—包谷地卡林型金矿田以泥堡特大型金矿床为主体,兼具一系列小型金矿床和新发现的金矿点。笔者等在矿田内系统采集了与成矿密切相关的石英、方解石、萤石和辉锑矿样品,分析微量元素和稳定同位素地球化学特征,探讨成矿流体性质及来源。分析结果显示,石英、方解石和萤石整体上富集As、Sb、Li、Sr、W等元素,其中As、Sb成矿元素继承了成矿流体的特征;Sb成矿元素与Bi、W、Mo、Co、Ni等亲岩浆元素相关性较好,显示成矿与岩浆活动有关。方解石、萤石显示MREE富集,方解石具有显著的Eu正异常,反映了成矿流体在矿物沉淀时的稀土配分特征,并且处于相对酸性和还原的状态。石英δD_(V-SMOW)、δ^(18)O_(V-SMOW)和δ^(13)C_(V-PDB)分别为-76‰~-55.7‰(均值-64.9‰)、16.5‰~24.5‰(均值21.1‰)、-14.3‰~-7.0‰(均值-10.9‰),辉锑矿δ^(34)S_(V-CDT)值为-0.4‰、-0.6‰和1.9‰,方解石δ^(13)C_(V-PDB)和δ^(18)O_(V-SMOW)分别为-6.5‰~-2.5‰(均值-4.5‰)、16.2‰~22.4‰(均值18.7‰)。综合研究区内分析和收集的C、H、O和S同位素结果,表明成矿流体可能主要来源于岩浆流体,并有部分地层水和变质水加入。结合区域地球物理和年代学资料,认为黔西南卡林型金矿成矿可能与深部岩浆活动有关,而与区域上出露的基性—超基性岩浆岩没有直接的成因联系。The Nibao—Baogudi Carlin-type gold orefield in southwestern Guizhou is dominated by the super-large Nibao gold deposit,as well as a series of small gold deposits and newly discovered gold occurrences.In order to investigate the nature and source of ore-forming fluids,quartz,calcite,fluorite,and stibnite closely related to mineralization were collected systematically,their geochemical characteristics of trace elements and stable isotopes were analyzed.Quartz,calcite,and fluorite are enriched in As,Sb,Li,Sr,W,in which As and Sb inherit the characteristics of ore-forming fluids.Metallogenic element Sb has good correlation with magmatic elements such as Bi,W,Mo,Co,Ni,etc.,indicating that metallogenesis is related to magmatic activity.Calcite and fluorite generally show MREE enrichment,and calcite have significant positive Eu anomalies,suggesting the ore-forming fluids is enriched in MREE and in a relatively acidic and reducing state during mineral precipitation.TheδD_(V-SMOW),δ^(18)O_(V-SMOW),andδ^(13)C_(V-PDB) of quartz range from-76‰to-55.7‰(mean value-64.9‰),16.5‰to 24.5‰(mean value 21.1‰),and-14.3‰to-7.0‰(mean value-10.9‰),respectively.Theδ^(34)S_(V-CDT) values of antimonite are-0.4‰,-0.6‰,and 1.9‰.Theδ^(13)C_(V-PDB) andδ^(18)O_(V-SMOW) of calcite range from-6.5‰to-2.5‰(mean value-4.5‰)and 16.2‰to 22.4‰(mean value 18.7‰),respectively.Comprehensive analyzed the results of C,H,O,and S isotopes from this paper and collection,indicating that the ore-forming fluid mainly originate from magmatic fluid,with the addition of part of formation water and metamorphic water.Combined with regional geophysical and chronological data,it is believed that the mineralization of Carlin-type gold deposits in southwestern Guizhou may be closely related to the deep concealed rock mass,but has no direct genetic relationship with the basic—ultrabasic magmatic rocks exposed in the region.

关 键 词：同位素 微量元素 成矿流体来源 卡林型金矿 泥堡金矿床 

分 类 号：P618.51[天文地球—矿床学]