海绵机场雨水径流仿真模拟  

Simulation of Rainwater Runoff in Sponge Airport

作　　者：卡地尔亚·库尔班 魏强 张健[1] 彭晶[1] Kadierya·Kuerban;WEI Qiang;ZHANG Jian;PENG Jing(School of Transportation Science and Engineering,Civil Aviation University of China,Tianjin 300300,China)

机构地区：[1]中国民航大学交通科学与工程学院,天津300300

出　　处：《水电能源科学》2022年第3期35-37,共3页Water Resources and Power

基　　金：中国民航环境与可持续发展研究中心开放基金(2022YB03);国家级大学生创新创业训练计划项目(202010059046)。

摘　　要：针对极端暴雨天气下机场内涝严重的问题,将海绵城市的理念应用于机场,结合低影响开发设施,模拟添加新型透水铺装设施在降雨重现期分别为1、3、5、50年的径流控制效果。通过SWMM模型模拟得出添加占子汇水区面积30%左右的透水铺装设施后,渗入损失明显上升,地表径流深度显著下降。在重现期为1年时,采用透水铺装设施后的管道过载比例比未采用透水铺装设施的节点过载比例降低了76%,管道过载比例降低了85%;重现期为3年时节点过载比例降低了43.4%,管段过载比例降低了43.9%;重现期为5年时节点过载比例降低了23.2%,管段过载比例降低了25.6%;重现期为50年时节点过载比例降低了13.0%,管段过载比例降低了15.9%;随着降雨强度的增加,透水铺装设施对节点和管段过载的影响逐步削弱。结果表明,LID设施的应用可有效控制节点过载和管段过载引起的机场内涝,可为工程实践提供参考。Aiming at the serious problem of waterlogging in airport under extreme rainstorm, the concept of sponge city is applied to airport. Combined with the low-impact development facilities, the effects of adding new permeable pavement facilities on the 1-year, 3-year, 5-year and 50-year return periods of the airport were studied. The results of SWMM simulation show that the infiltration loss increases and the surface runoff depth decreases when the permeable pavement occupies about 30% of the catchment area. The overload ratio of the pipeline with permeable pavement is 76% lower than that of the joint without permeable pavement, and the pipeline overload ratio has been reduced by 85% under the return period of 1-year;The node overload was reduced by 43.4% and the pipe section overload was reduced by 43.9% under the return period of 3-year;The node overload was reduced by 23.2% and the pipe section overload was reduced by 25.6% under the return period of 5-year;The node overload was reduced by 13.0% and the pipe section overload was reduced by 15.9% under the return period of 50-year. With the increase of rainfall intensity, the impact of permeable pavement on joint and pipe section overload is weakened gradually. The results show that the application of LID can effectively control airport waterlogging caused by node overload and pipe overload, which can provide reference for engineering practice.

关 键 词：海绵机场 雨水系统 SWMM模型 低影响开发 

分 类 号：TV121.1[水利工程—水文学及水资源]