渤海湾盆地特低渗—致密砂(砾)岩天然气成因及成藏模式  

Origin and accumulation model of ultra-low permeability-tight sandstone(gravel) gas in Bohai Bay Basin

作　　者：国建英 齐雪宁[1,2] 侯连华 郝爱胜[1,2] 曾旭 林世国[2] 蒲秀刚[3] 谢增业[1,2] 王义凤[1,2] 王晓波 陈大伟[2] GUO Jianying;QI Xuening;HOU Lianhua;HAO Aishengb;ZENG Xu;LIN Shiguo;PU Xiugang;XIE Zengye;WANG Yifeng;WANG Xiaobo;CHEN Dawei(Key Laboratory for Natural Gas Accumulation and Development,CNPC,Langfang 065007,China;Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration&Development,PetroChina,Beijing 100083,China;PetroChina Dagang Oilfield Company,Tianjin 300280,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油天然气集团有限公司天然气成藏与开发重点实验室,河北廊坊065007 [2]中国石油勘探开发研究院,北京100083 [3]中国石油大港油田分公司,天津300280

出　　处：《天然气地球科学》2022年第2期181-194,共14页Natural Gas Geoscience

基　　金：中国石油重大科技专项(编号:2021DJ0602)资助。

摘　　要：特低渗—致密砂(砾)岩气是国内外天然气勘探的重要领域,渤海湾盆地作为中国重要油气勘探盆地,在各坳陷均发现了特低渗—致密砂(砾)岩气,但研究工作以坳陷层面为主,针对盆地范畴系统认识气藏的分布、天然气成因及成藏模式的工作欠缺。研究表明:特低渗—致密砂(砾)岩气藏在渤海湾盆地广泛分布,涵盖各个坳陷,古生界、新生界多个层段,涉及上古生界煤成气和古近系油型气2种天然气类型。上古生界特低渗—致密砂岩气藏主要分布在残留上古生界的黄骅、临清和济阳等坳陷,气藏位于凹陷的隆起区,多属于构造型气藏,因地层曾深埋,储层物性总体致密程度高;天然气主要为来自石炭系—二叠系煤成气,部分为来自古近系油型气。古近系特低渗—致密气藏在各坳陷均有分布,包括沙河街组二+三段、四段和孔店组多个层段;气藏在凹陷的隆起、斜坡和陡坡带均有分布,涵盖岩性、岩性—构造、构造等多种圈闭类型;沙河街组二+三段主要为砂岩储层,分布于缓坡区,沙河街组四段和孔店组包括砂岩和砂砾岩储层,砂砾岩主要分布于陡坡区,由于古近系属连续型沉积,储层物性受埋深控制作用明显,不同坳陷致密门限深度不同,介于3200~4000 m之间;天然气主要为古近系油型气,部分为上古生界煤成气。依据气源层和储集层相互关系,该区发育新生新储近源聚集、古生古储远源疏导、古生新储断层疏导和新生古储断面疏导模式4种成藏模式,其中前两者为主要成藏模式。渤海湾盆地发育石炭系—二叠系和古近系2套气源层,天然气剩余资源潜力大,石炭系—二叠系二次生烃有利区、古近系生气中心周缘的构造、甜点岩性体是下步特低渗—致密砂(砾)岩气勘探重点区带。研究认识对渤海湾盆地的致密砂(砾)岩气勘探有一定的指导意义。Ultra-low permeability-tight sandstone(conglomerate rock)gas reservoir is an important exploration target of natural gas at home and abroad.As a crucial oil and gas exploration basin in China,Bohai Bay Basin has discovered tight sand(conglomerate rock)gas in many depressions.However,the current research only focuses within depressions,lacking of systematic study on the distribution,origin and reservoir pattern of tight sandstone(conglomerate rock)gas reservoirs from the whole basin perspective.The research conclusively demonstrates that ultra-low permeability-tight sandstone(conglomerate rock)gas reservoir is widely distributed in the Bohai Bay Basin,covering various depression,multiple strata of Paleozoic and Cenozoic,and Upper Paleozoic coal-type gas and Paleogene oil-type gas.The Upper Paleozoic ultra-low permeability and tight sandstone gas reservoirs are mainly distributed in residual Upper Paleozoic strata of Huanghua,Linqing and Jiyang depressions.Those reservoirs are of structural gas reservoir type and mainly located in the sag and uplift areas,and mostly belong to structural gas reservoirs.Because the strata were buried deeply in the past,most of the reservoirs have high physical density.The majority of natural gas is typical coal-type gas originating in Carboniferous and Permian measures,and other is Paleogene oil-type gas.Paleogene ultra-low permeability tight gas reservoirs are widely distributed in all depressions,including the 2;,3;and 4;members of Shahejie Formation(Es;,Es;and Es;)and multiple strata in Kongdian Formation;The gas reservoirs are located in the uplift,slope and steep slope zones of the sag,including a variety of trap types,such as lithology,lithology-structure,structure reservoir etc.;The Es;and,Es;are commonly sandstone reservoirs,distributed in gentle slope area.The Es;and Kongdian Formation include sandstone and conglomerate reservoirs formations,and the glutenites are mainly distributed in steep slope area.Because the Paleogene stratum belongs to continuous deposit,the reservoir

关 键 词：致密气 天然气成因 成藏模式 渤中凹陷 黄骅坳陷 济阳坳陷 临清坳陷 渤海湾盆地 

分 类 号：TE122[石油与天然气工程—油气勘探]