横风作用下列车抖振力气动导纳风洞试验研究  

Wind tunnel test on aerodynamic admittances of train buffeting force under cross wind

作　　者：张鹏 樊绍文 许洪刚 敬海泉 ZHANG Peng;FAN Shaowen;XU Honggang;JING Haiquan(Safety Technology Center,National Railway Administration,Beijing 100160,China;School of Civil Engineering,Central South University,Changsha 410075,China;National Engineering Laboratory for High Speed Railway Construction,Changsha 410075,China)

机构地区：[1]国家铁路局安全技术中心,北京100160 [2]中南大学土木工程学院,湖南长沙410075 [3]高速铁路建造技术国家工程实验室,湖南长沙410075

出　　处：《铁道科学与工程学报》2022年第3期588-599,共12页Journal of Railway Science and Engineering

基　　金：国家铁路局安全技术中心委托项目(安技2019-53)。

摘　　要：目前,下承式钢桁梁在高速铁路大跨度桥梁中的应用越来越广泛,但因其列车在横风作用下与主梁之间气动干扰较大,现有列车气动导纳结果并不适用。为了研究车桥不同组合方式和紊流特征参数对列车气动导纳的影响,以一座典型大跨度下承式四线钢桁斜拉桥为研究背景,利用车桥测力、测压以及脉动风速同步测量系统,在3类格栅紊流场内对车桥耦合工况进行风洞试验。同步采集风压和风速时程数据,利用自谱-交叉谱综合最小二乘法和Sears函数识别列车气动导纳,并采用计算效率更快和识别精度更高的遗传算法进行求解。研究结果表明:遗传算法可以对自谱-交叉谱总体最小二乘法取得良好的计算结果,不同风攻角下列车气动导纳u分量变化不明显,而w分量具有明显差别。同时Sears函数在高频区与列车气动导纳具有一定的相似性,但模值偏小;除此之外,紊流度和紊流积分尺度对不同车桥组合方式下列车气动导纳具有不同幅度的影响,因此在列车气动导纳识别风洞试验中,需同时考虑紊流度和紊流积分尺度的相似性。Through steal truss beam is more and more widely used in long-span bridges of high-speed railway,but the existing train aerodynamic admittance results are not applicable for the large aerodynamic interference between the train and the main beam under the action of cross wind. In order to study the influence of different combinations of axle and turbulence characteristic parameters on the aerodynamic conductivity of the train, a typical long-span steel truss cable-stayed bridge with four railway lines was taken as the research background.The wind tunnel test was carried out on the coupling condition of the axle in the three types of grid turbulence field by using the axle force measurement, pressure measurement and pulsating wind speed synchronous measurement system. The wind pressure and wind speed time course data were collected synchronously. The total least square method of self-spectrum and cross-spectrum method and sears function were used to identify the aerodynamic conductivity of the train. The genetic algorithm with faster calculation efficiency and higher recognition accuracy was used to solve the problem. The results show that genetic algorithms can achieve good calculation results for the total least square method of self-spectrum and cross-spectrum. The wind attack angle has little effect on the aerodynamic admittance of u component but has obvious effect on that of w component. At the same time, Sears function has a certain similarity with the aerodynamic admittance of the train in high frequency region, while the modulus is smaller. In addition, the turbulence intensity and the turbulence integral scale have different effects on the aerodynamic admittances of the train under different train-bridge combinations.Therefore, the similarities of both turbulence intensity and the turbulence integral scale should be considered in the wind tunnel tests of aerodynamic admittances identification of the train.

关 键 词：钢桁梁 列车气动导纳 自谱-交叉谱综合最小二乘法 紊流特征参数 

分 类 号：U441.2[建筑科学—桥梁与隧道工程]