槟榔核心资源品质鉴定和特异种质筛选  

Quanlity Identification of Core Resources and Specific Germplasm Screening of Areca catechu

作　　者：黄丽云[1] 齐兰 杨耀东[1] 周焕起[1] 刘立云[1] HUANG Liyun;QI Lan;YANG Yaodong;ZHOU Huangqi;LIU Liyun(Coconut Research Institute,Arecanut Research Center,Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences,Wenchang 571339,Hainan,China)

机构地区：[1]中国热带农业科学院椰子研究所,槟榔研究中心,海南文昌571339

出　　处：《热带亚热带植物学报》2022年第2期171-178,共8页Journal of Tropical and Subtropical Botany

基　　金：海南省自然科学基金项目(321RC1103);海南省现代农业产业技术体系项目(HNARS-1-G2);物种资源保护项目(2022NWB048)资助。

摘　　要：为培育槟榔(Areca catechu)优良新品种,对10份核心资源品质进行鉴定和相关性分析。结果表明,不同种质资源的品质性状存在显著差异,9个性状的变异系数为7.00%~190.13%,其中,表儿茶素含量的变异系数最大,鲜果横径的最小。相关性分析表明,鲜果纵径与槟榔碱含量呈极显著正相关,与没食子酸含量呈显著负相关。基于SSR分子标记的遗传聚类分析可将10份资源分为3组,Ⅰ组为S-J18-06、Z-J18-01、S-J18-08、Z-J18-05、S-J18-16、S-J18-15和S-J18-22;Ⅱ组为S-J18-19和S-J18-13;Ⅲ组为S-J18-25,Ⅰ组资源的果形均为海南加工企业需求类型。Ⅲ组资源S-J18-25的表儿茶素含量高、含特异生物碱成分,可在槟榔育种研究中加以挖掘利用。In order to cultivate excellent new varieties of Areca catechu,the quality identification and correlation analysis of 10 core resources were studied.The results showed that there were significant differences in quality traits among different resources.The variation coefficients of 9 traits,including equatorial diameter,transverse diameter,single fruit,arecoline,arecaidine,fructose,glucose,gallic acid and epicatechin,ranged from 7.00% to 190.13%,among which the variation coefficient of epicatechin content was the largest and that of horizontal diameter of fresh fruit was the smallest.Correlation analysis showed that the longitudinal diameter of fresh fruit was significantly positively correlated with arecoline content,while significantly negatively correlated with gallic acid content.Base on the SSR marker,10 core resources could be divided into 3 groups,groupⅠincluded S-J18-06,Z-J18-01,S-J18-08,Z-J18-05,S-J18-16,S-J18-15 and S-J18-22,group Ⅱ had S-J18-19,S-J18-13,and S-J18-25 into group Ⅲ.The fruit shapes of the resources in groupⅠwere all demand types of Hainan processing enterprises.The germplasm resource(group Ⅲ)S-J18-25 of A.catechu contains high epicatechin content and specific alkaloids,which could be exploited and utilized in breeding.

关 键 词：槟榔 核心资源 特异种质 鉴定评价 筛选 

分 类 号：S567.19[农业科学—中草药栽培]