Complementary fruiting phenologies facilitate sharing of one pollinator fig wasp by two fig trees  

作　　者：Gui-Xiang Liu Da-Rong Yang Yan-Qiong Peng Stephen G.Compton 

机构地区：[1]Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology,Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden,Chinese Academy of Sciences,88 Xuefu Road,Kunming 650223,China [2]University of Chinese Academy of Science,19 Yuquan road,Beijing 100049,China [3]School of Biology,University of Leeds,Woodhouse Lane,Leeds LS29JT,UK [4]Department of Zoology and Entomology,Rhodes University,Lower University Road,Grahamstown 6140,South Africa

出　　处：《Journal of Plant Ecology》2015年第2期197-206,共10页植物生态学报（英文版）

基　　金：The Chinese Natural Science Foundation(31372253,31120002);the Young and Middle Aged Academic Leaders of Yunnan Province(2011HB041);the CAS 135 program(XTBG-T01,XTBG-T01,F01).

摘　　要：Aims most pollinator fig wasps are host plant specific,with each spe-cies only breeding in the figs of one fig tree species,but increasing numbers of species are known to be pollinated by more than one fig wasp,and in rare instances host switching can result in Ficus species sharing pollinators.in this study,we examined factors facilitating observed host switching at Xishuangbanna in southwestern(sW)China,where Ficus squamosa is at the northern edge of its range and lacks the fig wasps that pollinate it elsewhere,and its figs are colonized by a Ceratosolen pollinator that routinely breeds in figs of F.heterostyla.Methods We recorded the habitat preferences of F.squamosa and F.heterost-yla at Xishuangbanna,and compared characteristics such as fig size,location and colour at receptive phase.Furthermore,the vegetative and reproductive phenologies in the populations of F.squamosa and F.heterostyla were recorded weekly at Xishuangbanna Tropical botanical garden for 1 year.Important Findings Ficus squamosa is a shrub found near fast-flowing rivers,F.heterostyla is a small tree of disturbed forest edges.although preferring different habitats,they can be found growing close together.both species have figs located at or near ground level,but they differ in size when pollinated.Fig production in F.squamosa was concentrated in the colder months.F.heterostyla produced more figs in summer but had some through-out the year.The absence of its normal pollinators,in combination with similarly located figs and partially complementary fruiting patterns appear to have facilitated colonization of F.squamosa by the routine pollinator of F.heterostyla.The figs probably also share similar attractant volatiles.This host switching suggests one mechanism whereby fig trees can acquire new pollinators and emphasizes the likely significance of edges of ranges in the genesis of novel fig tree-fig wasp relationships.

关 键 词：AGAONIDAE edge of range FICUS host specificity host switching 

分 类 号：Q94[生物学—植物学]