Biodiversity effects and transgressive overyielding  

作　　者：Bernhard Schmid Andy Hector Prasenjit Saha Michel Loreau 

机构地区：[1]Institute of Environmental Sciences,University of Zurich,Winterthurerstrasse 190,CH-8057 Zurich,Switzerland [2]Physics Institute,University of Zurich,Winterthurerstrasse 190,CH-8057 Zurich,Switzerland [3]Department of Biology,McGill University,1205 ave Docteur Penfield,Montreal,Quebec,Canada H3A 1B1

出　　处：《Journal of Plant Ecology》2008年第2期95-102,共8页植物生态学报（英文版）

基　　金：German Science Foundation(FOR 456–WE 2618/6-1 to B.S.);Swiss National Science Foundation(31–65224.01 to B.S.);Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada(M.L.)。

摘　　要：Aims The potential for mixtures of plant species to produce more biomass than every one of their constituent species in monoculture is still controversially discussed in the literature.Here we tested how this socalled transgressive overyielding is affected by variation between and within species in monoculture yields in biodiversity experiments.Methods We use basic statistical principles to calculate expected maximum monoculture yield in a species pool used for a biodiversity experiment.Using a real example we show how between-and withinspecies variance components in monoculture yields can be obtained.Combining the two components we estimate the importance of sampling bias in transgressive overyielding analysis.Important Findings The net biodiversity effect(difference between mixture and average monoculture yield)needed to achieve transgressive overyielding increases with the number of species in a mixture and with the variation between constituent species in monoculture yields.If there is no significant variation between species,transgressive overyielding should not be calculated using the best monoculture,because in this case the difference between this species and the other species could exclusively reflect a sampling bias.The sampling bias decreases with increasing variation between species.Tests for transgressive overyielding require replicated species’monocultures.However,it can be doubted whether such an emphasis on monocultures in biodiversity experiments is justified if an analysis of transgressive overyielding is not the major goal.

关 键 词：biodiversity experiments mixtures MONOCULTURES overyielding analysis sampling bias 

分 类 号：Q95[生物学—动物学]