胆固醇类油溶性类离子液体润滑添加剂的制备及摩擦学性能研究  

Preparation and Tribological Properties of Cholesterol-Based Oil Soluble Pseudo Ionic Liquids as Lubricating Additives

作　　者：黄国威 李婷[1] 樊舒凯[1] 巴召文 张明 蔡美荣[2] HUANG Guowei;LI Ting;FAN Shukai;BA Zhaowen;ZHANG Ming;CAI Meirong(State Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing and Recycling of Nonferrous Metals,Lanzhou University of Technology,Gansu Lanzhou 730050,China;State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication,Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Gansu Lanzhou 730000,China;School of Mechanical Engineering,Shandong University of Technology,Shandong Zibo 255000,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州理工大学省部共建有色金属先进加工与再利用国家重点实验室,甘肃兰州730050 [2]中科院兰州化学物理研究所固体润滑国家重点实验室,甘肃兰州730000 [3]山东理工大学机械工程学院,山东淄博255000

出　　处：《摩擦学学报》2022年第1期26-36,共11页Tribology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52005235);甘肃省自然科学基金项目(20JR5RA454);固体润滑国家重点实验室开放课题(LSL-1708)资助。

摘　　要：合成制备了两种胆固醇类季磷盐油溶性类离子液体,并将其分别作为聚α烯烃PAO-10的润滑添加剂,静置试验和热重分析结果表明两种油溶性类离子液体在PAO-10中具有良好的分散稳定性和热稳定性.微动摩擦磨损测试结果表明两种类离子液体可显著改善基础油对钢/铝摩擦副的摩擦学性能.扫描电子显微镜(SEM)结果表明空白PAO-10润滑摩擦副时磨损类型以黏着磨损为主,以添加两种离子液体的混合油样为润滑剂时磨斑直径显著降低,此时摩擦副间磨损类型以磨粒磨损和腐蚀磨损为主.X射线光电子能谱分析(XPS)与X射线能谱仪(EDS)表明类离子液体中的活性元素在摩擦过程中可与铝基体表面发生摩擦化学反应.两种类离子液体的润滑机理归因于类离子液体与金属基体发生摩擦化学反应生成具有减摩抗磨作用的磷酸盐和硫酸盐等耐磨化合物.Pseudo ionic liquids(PILs)refer to ionic compounds composed entirely of cations and anions,whose melting point is generally lower than 150℃.PILs are generally included in the category of ionic liquids,and there is no obvious distinction between them.PILs have similar physical and chemical properties to ionic liquids,such as incombustibility,low volatility,low freezing point,good thermal and chemical stability,good molecular structure designability and other unique comprehensive properties.Ionic liquids as pure lubricants are greatly limited by the complex synthesis process and the high cost of raw materials,but they are usually employed as high-performance lubricant additives attributing to their excellent tribological properties and strong boundary film-forming ability.However,there are still few reports on the research of PILs as lubrication additives.The research direction will expand the research depth and application range of PILs.However,PILs have poor solubility in base oil with low polarity because of their large molecular polarity,therefore,as the lubricating additives,the molecular polarity of ionic liquids must be reduced first.The research on the molecular structure design of ionic liquids to reduce the molecular polarity and increase their solubility in base oils provides a strong experimental basis and theoretical guidance for the molecular structure design of PILs.It was found that increasing the length and the number of alkyl chains in ionic liquid molecules and enhancing the overall symmetry of molecular structure can effectively reduce the molecular polarity.Cholesterol,as a kind of steroid compounds,exists widely in organisms and is an important part of all animal life activities.Cholesterol possesses a four-ring molecular structure,including three six-ring and one five-ring,and the special lamellar structure makes it dissolve in the base oil and form a robust and stable adsorption film on the surfaces of friction pairs.Meanwhile,cholesterol has a strong molecular structure designability,so t

关 键 词：胆固醇 油溶性 类离子液体 摩擦学性能 润滑机理 

分 类 号：TH117[机械工程—机械设计及理论]