秸秆还田对玉米病虫草害影响的研究进展  

Research progress on the effect of straw returning on maize pests

作　　者：李天娇[1] 卓富彦[1] 陈冉冉 李荣德 史爱民 Li Tianjiao;Zhuo Fuyan;Chen Ranran;Li Rongde;Shi Aimin(National Agro-Tech Extension and Service Center,Beijing 100125,China;Yunnan Tuidongzhe Biotechnology Co.,Ltd,Kunming Yunnan 650000,China)

机构地区：[1]全国农业技术推广服务中心,北京100125 [2]云南推动者生物科技有限公司,云南昆明650000

出　　处：《中国植保导刊》2022年第1期23-29,共7页China Plant Protection

摘　　要：为明确秸秆还田对玉米田有害生物发生及为害的影响,分别从病、虫、草害三方面对相关研究成果进行了综述。秸秆还田后主要通过造成菌源、虫源积累以及腐解产物参与和有害生物的互作的方式,影响病虫害的发生;健康秸秆还田且充分腐解可避免病害加重,秸秆粉碎、合理翻耕等处理方式则可有效控制玉米螟、二点委夜蛾等害虫。秸秆还田后主要通过影响土壤系统和线虫群落多样性抑制玉米田植物寄生线虫为害,并通过化感作用影响杂草和玉米植株生长。基于已有研究,提出加强研究成果转化应用、深入探究互作机理及开展长期综合评价的展望,以期为科学开展秸秆还田、有效防控有害生物提供参考。To clarify the im pact of straw returning on the occurrence of pests in maize fields, we reviewed the related research progress by diseases, insect pests, and weeds in this article. Straw returning mainly affects the pests by causing the accumulation of pest sources and the interaction between the pest community and decomposing matters. Using healthy straws and fully decomposing can avoid the aggravation of diseases, and straw crushing and plowing can effectively control insect pests such as Ostrinia furnacalis and Spodoptera littoralis. Straw returning could inhibit the parasitic nematode damage in maize fields by affecting the soil system and nematode diversity and curb the growth of both weeds and maize through allelopathy. To provide a scientific reference for straw returning practice and pest control in maize fields, we underscored the significance of applying the good practices from existing research, the in-depth exploration of the interaction mechanism, and the long-term comprehensive evaluation towards straw returning in maize fields.

关 键 词：玉米秸秆 小麦秸秆 腐解 菌源 农田生态 

分 类 号：S435.13[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治] S451[农业科学—植物保护]